Peruvian Altiplano

Peru had a rich cultural life thousands of years before Pizarro turned up in funny clothing. Wander around colonial cities that echo the legacy of Spanish conquistadors, explore the ancient Inca capital of Cuzco, visit the lost city of Machu Picchu and ponder the enigma of the Nazca Lines.

Peru also boasts some of the most spectacular scenery in South America. The beautiful Peruvian Andes issue a siren's call to top-class trekkers. These mountains are also home to squillions of indigenous highlanders, who still speak the ancient tongue of Quechua and live a traditional way of life.

When to go

Peru's climate can be divided into two seasons - wet and dry - though this can vary depending on the region. Temperature is mostly influenced by elevation: the higher you climb, the cooler it becomes.

Peru's peak tourist season is from June to August, which is the dry season in the Andean highlands. It's also the best time to go if you're interested in hiking or mountain climbing. While travelers visit the highlands year-round, the wettest months, December to March, make trekking a muddy proposition. Many of the major fiestas occur around this time and continue undiminished in spite of heavy rain.

On the coast, Peruvians visit the beach during the sunny, humid months from late December through March. The rest of the year, the coast is clothed in mist. In the eastern rain forests, it naturally rains a lot. The wettest months are December to May, but travelers visit year-round; it rarely rains for more than a few hours at a time and there's plenty of sunshine to enjoy.

Weather

The coastal region of Peru is cool for its latitude, and quite dry year-round. Temperatures are warmest during the summer months (January to March), with hot and humid days of around 29°C (84°F) and cool nights of just below 20°C (68°F). Winters are not too cold, but frequent low cloud may cause some to pine for sunshine. Inland, the temperature drops substantially, with less seasonal variation during the day - average highs are about 21°C (70°F) throughout the year and winter nights are chilly, particularly at higher elevations. There is also a moderate wet season here from December until May.

Sample Price Guide

bottle of Cusqueña beer: US$ 1.50

local phone call: US$ 0.15

flight between most cities: US$ 95.00

litre of petrol: US$ 1.00

1l of bottled water: US$ 0.90

souvenir t-shirt: US$ 5.00

short taxi ride (not in Lima): US$ 1.00

antichuco (shish kebab): US$ 0.60

Average Room Prices
Low	Mid	High	Deluxe
US$5-25	US$25-75	US$75-200	US$200+
Average Meal Prices
Low	Mid	High	Deluxe
US$2-5	US$5-10	US$10-25	US$25+

Tipping

A combination of taxes and service charges are added to bills in the best hotels and restaurants and can total as much as 28%. Those towards the budget and mid-range end of the spectrum don't add taxes. Tipping is not expected in cheaper restaurants. A tip of 10% is fine in upmarket restaurants if a service charge has not already been added to the bill. Taxi drivers are not tipped - bargain hard beforehand and stick to your price. Local guides and porters should be tipped. Bargaining is a way of life in markets.

Getting There

AeroPerú and Faucett, Peru's international airlines, are indefinitely shut down. There is talk of reopening AeroPerú in some form. For the time being, you must use a non-Peruvian airline for international flights. Lima's international airport, Jorge Chavez, is the main hub for flights to the Andean countries from North America and Europe, and has plenty of connections to neighboring countries. Some international flights land at Iquitos, in Peru's Amazon region. There is a departure tax of approximately US$25 on international flights.

Getting Around

Domestic flight schedules and ticket prices change frequently. New airlines open every year, as those with poor safety records close (check out www.airsafe.com). Most cities are served by modern jets, while some smaller towns are served by propeller aircraft. A useful website is www.traficoperu.com, which details flight schedules and fare quotes between major cities.

Mountain-biking can be safe and enjoyable in Peru, and it's often better than driving on the chaotic roads. Rent one here or bring your own.

While there's no passenger service along the coast, boat travel is of major importance around the Amazon Basin and in the Andean highlands on Lake Titicaca.

Bus

Buses are the normal form of transport for most Peruvians and travelers. Fares are relatively cheap. Services are frequent on the major long-distance routes, but buses are of varying quality. Less-traveled and remote routes are often served by older, more uncomfortable vehicles. Avoid seats at the back of the bus - the ride is bumpier. There are scores of competing bus companies, and no single company covers the entire country. Buses rarely arrive or depart on time, so the trip times quoted by operators are best-case scenarios. Local and long-distance buses can be a risk to your personal safety; fatal accidents are not unusual in Peru. Avoid overnight buses, on which assaults are more likely to occur.

Pre-20th-Century History

The first inhabitants of Peru were nomadic hunter-gatherers who lived in caves in the coastal regions. The oldest site, Pikimachay cave, dates from 12,000 BC. Crops such as cotton, beans, squash and pepper chilis were planted around 4000 BC. Later, advanced cultures such as the Chavín introduced weaving, agriculture and religion to the country before inexplicably disappearing around 300 BC. Over the centuries, several other cultures - including the Salinar, Nazca, Paracas Necropolis and Wari (Huari) - became locally important. By the early 15th century, the Incan empire had control of much of the area, even extending its influence into Colombia and Chile.

Between 1526-28, the Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro explored Peru's coastal regions and, drawn by the riches of the Incan empire, returned to Spain to raise money and recruit men for another expedition. Return he did, marching into Cajamarca, in northern Peru, before capturing, ransoming and executing the Inca emperor, Atahualpa, in 1533. Pizarro subsequently founded the city of Lima in 1535, but was assassinated six years later. The rebellion of the last Inca leader, Manco Inca, ended ingloriously, with his beheading in 1572.

The next 200 years proved peaceful, with Lima becoming the major political, social and commercial center of the Andean nations. However, the exploitation of indigenous Peruvians by their colonial masters led to an uprising in 1780 under the self-styled Inca Tupac Amaru II. The rebellion was shortlived and most of the leaders were rounded up and executed. Peru remained loyal to Spain until 1824, when the country was liberated by two 'outsiders': the Venezuelan, Simón Bolívar, and the Argentinian, José de San Martín. In 1866, Peru won a brief war with Spain but was humiliated by Chile in the War of the Pacific (1879-83), which resulted in the loss of lucrative nitrate fields in the northern Atacama Desert.

Modern History

In 1941, Peru went to war with Ecuador over a border dispute. The 1942 treaty of Río de Janeiro ceded the area north of the Río Marañón to Peru, but the decision was contested by Ecuador.

Cuban-inspired guerrilla uprisings in 1965 were unsuccessful. In the 1980s, however, nationwide strikes and a violent insurgency by Maoist Shining Path (Sendero Luminoso) guerrillas caused political instability.

Alberto Fujimori's 1990 presidential election victory over Peruvian novelist Mario Vargas Llosa, and the 1992 capture of MRTA and Sendero Luminoso leaders, buoyed hopes for peace.

Unemployment and poverty remained the main threat to domestic stability, despite Peru's fast-growing economy. Fujimori was re-elected in 1995, beating former UN secretary general, Javier Pérez de Cuéllar. A treaty was signed with Ecuador in 1998, resolving the 57-year-old border dispute and paving the way for increased foreign investment in both countries. However, much of the unexploded ordinance (UXO) along the border has yet to be cleaned up. In November 1999, Peru and Chile settled a territorial dispute over Arica.

In 2000, Alejandro Toledo, an indigenous Andean who became a World Bank economist, gave Fujimori the election run of his life. Though Fujimori was ultimately victorious he resigned in November and fled to Japan following charges of human rights violations and corruption made against his intelligence advisor.

Toledo became the country's first indigenous president in 2001, but the path to bringing Fujimori to justice was torturous. It was revealed that some 69,000 Peruvians died during decades of fighting between rebel and government forces.

In 2002, a car bomb exploded near the US Embassy in Lima, killing 10 people. It was thought to have been detonated by the Shining Path guerrilla group.

Recent History

By 2003, the currency was strong but Peruvians faced unemployment, stagnant wages and a higher cost of living - and Toledo's popularity was at an all-time low. In November 2005, Fujimori returned to South America, announcing plans to run for the presidency once again. He was quickly arrested in Chile on an extradition warrant. With Fujimori out of the way, the 2006 presidential elections narrowed to a face-off between the populist nationalist Ollanta Humala, and ex-president lan García. Voters elected the more conservative García.

However, though Peruvians may be better off now than they were under Fujimori, the seemingly intractable problems of poverty and unemployment remain.

Labor strikes for higher wages and political protests happen quite often. This unrest can be tiresome for travelers, who may find their trip suddenly delayed. It's not really a big deal to Peruvians, though, who are used to accepting such disturbances as facts of life.

Arequipa

The irresistibly sexy Arequipa, aka 'White City' for its dazzling colonial sillar (off-white volcanic rock) stonework, is surrounded by some of the wildest terrain in Peru. It's a land of active snowy volcanoes, high-altitude deserts, thermal hot springs, salt lakes and the world's deepest canyons.

No other place in southern Peru delivers the best of both urban and outdoor - clamber up an Andean peak, slalom down from a sandy volcanic summit and be back in your colonial mansion guesthouse in time for a dinner of spicy arequipeño food and all-night dancing in a sizzling-hot nightclub.

Travel warning

Recently, two young solo female tourists were murdered in Arequipa after catching unregulated, unofficial taxis at night. Others have been sexually assaulted. Women are advised to ask local police for the name of a safe, official taxi company and, when catching cabs, to note the taxista's name and ID number. Never travel in a taxi without clearly displayed identification.

Weather

Arequipa's climate is offically dominated by two seasons: wet and dry. The wet season (January to March), however, does not bring torrential rain, and the dry season is completely puddle-free. Temperatures are conveniently consistent (and mild) throughout the year, with average highs of 20-21°C (68-70°F) during the day and average lows of 7-10°C (44-50°F) at night.

Getting Around

The city of Arequipa nestles in a fertile valley under the perfectly cone-shaped volcano of El Misti (5822m/19,101ft). Rising majestically behind the cathedral, El Misti is flanked to the left by the higher and more ragged Chachani (6075m/19,931ft) and to the right by the lower peak of Pichu Pichu (5571m/18,278ft).

The city center is based on a colonial checkerboard pattern around Plaza de Armas. Because street names change every few blocks, addresses can be confusing. Generally, they have different names to the north, south, east and west of Plaza de Armas, then change names again further out from the center.

Getting there

Arequipa's airport is about 8km (4.9mi) northwest of the city center. LAN has daily flights to Lima and Cuzco. Aero Condor Perú has cheap flights to Tacna near the Chilean border. Servicios Aéreos AQP flies nine-passenger Piper Cheyenne III planes anywhere you want.

Most bus companies have departures from Terminal Terrestre or Terrapuerto, both on Av Andrés Avelino Cáceres. There's a small departure tax.

Ormeño has two buses a week to Santiago, Chile, and three a week to Buenos Aires, Argentina, both from the Terrapuerto terminal.

Within Peru, several companies operate daily buses to Lima, often stopping en route at destinations on the south coast. Many companies also operate overnight services to Cuzco. If you're heading towards Lake Titicaca, direct buses to Juliaca and Puno leave from Terminal Terrestre; some continue to the Bolivian border. Transportes del Carpio has hourly departures for Mollendo. Cruz del Sur has comfortable buses to Tacna via Moquegua. For Ilo, Flores has daily departures from Terminal Terrestre or its Flores terminal across the roundabout.

Many buses servicing the canyon country also leave from Terminal Terrestre and Terrapuerto. Expect delays during the wet season. Heading for Cañón del Colca, there are only a few daily buses for Chivay. For buses to Corire, Transportes del Carpio has hourly services. Transportes del Carpio goes hourly to the Valle de Majes. Transportes Trebol usually has a daily service for Corire that continues to Andagua. For Cañón del Cotahuasi, Reyna and Transportes Alex have afternoon departures.

The train station is south of Plaza de Armas. Services between Arequipa and Juliaca and Puno have been suspended, but PeruRail runs private trains for large tourist groups.

Getting around

Although there are no airport buses, minibuses marked 'Río Seco' or 'Zamacola' go along Av Puente Grau and Ejército, passing within 700m (0.4mi) of the airport - ask the driver where to get off. A taxi from downtown should cost under US$5.00 . From the airport, colectivo (shared) taxis charge around US$2.00 per person to drop you at your hotel.

Andes Bike (tel: 20 5078; Villalba 414) sells bicycles, spare parts and travel gear.

and minibuses go south along Bolívar to Terminal Terrestre (20min), but it's a slow trip via the market area.

You can often hire a taxi with a driver for less than renting a car from a travel agency. Local taxi companies include Presidencial Express (tel: 20 3333) and Ideal Taxi (tel: 28 8888).

Recent History

Arequipa's most recent earthquake occurred in 2001. As a result of constant rumblings in the region, many of the buildings are built low for stability. Despite the many quakes endured by the city, several fetching historic structures have survived.

Tourism is now a major part of modern Arequipa. The streets of Santa Catalina and Jerusalén harbor dozens of travel agencies offering city tours and excursions to the canyon country - Cañón del Colca is a favorite among travelers.

Puno

Founded near the site of the now-defunct colonial silver mine of Laykakota, Puno makes a great departure point for forays to Lake Titicaca's islands and archaeological sites. While few historical buildings remain, local women garbed in multi-layered dresses and bowler hats are a sight to behold.

When to go

Puno's peak tourist season runs from June through August. Though it's the busiest period to visit, it's probably the best time to explore the city and to island-hop - remember to bring a few extra layers with you, as the nights can be cold. The wet season (December to March) brings abundant rainfall, limiting outdoor activities, but many major festivals, such as La Virgen de la Candelaria, Carnaval and Semana Santa, are held around this time and continue with gusto even during heavy rainstorms.

Getting There

Puno's nearest airport is in Juliaca, about 45km (28mi) away. Travel agents in Puno sell tickets and provide a slow shuttle service to the airport. LAN is currently the only airline with an office in Puno.

Boats from the Puno dock leave for various islands on the lake. Tickets bought from the boats are invariably cheaper than those from agencies. There are no passenger ferries across the lake to Bolivia, but tour bus services connect with expensive hydrofoil and catamaran services on the Bolivian side of the border.

About 2km (1.2mi) southeast of Plaza de Armas, Terminal Terrestre houses Puno's long-distance bus companies. Efficient services run to Lima (18-21hr), Arequipa (5-6hr) and Cuzco (6-7hr). To get to Tacna (10hr) via Moquegua, San Martín has a few services that stop at Desaguadero on the Bolivian border. This is a rough trip - it's more comfortable to go to Arequipa, then change to a bus bound for Tacna. Luxury buses to Cuzco depart every morning. Minibuses to Juliaca (1hr), to towns along Lake Titicaca's south shore and to the Bolivian border leave from Terminal Zonal, a few blocks northwest of Terminal Terrestre.

Following the suspension of services to Arequipa, Puno's train station only has trains to Cuzco via Juliaca. It's essential to check schedules in person at the station. The journey has great views along the shores of Lake Titicaca and of the Andes, but seats are not comfortable (even in the best class) and the ride is known for being a bit of a bone-shaker. Most travelers take the faster (and almost as scenic) bus services to Cuzco.

Getting Around

A short taxi ride anywhere in town costs very little. Try Movil (tel: 36 8000). Mototaxis (three-wheeled motorcycle rickshaw cabs) are a fun way to get around and are cheaper than ordinary taxis, but make sure the negotiated fare is per ride, not per person.

Pre-20th-Century History

The area surrounding present-day Puno was once inhabited by the Aymara peoples, possibly as far back as 2000 years ago. The Uros peoples traded with the Aymara, interbreeding with them and eventually abandoning their own language for the Aymara language.

During the pre-Ceramic period, nomads were attracted to Lake Titicaca for its abundant supply of fish. The grave towers of the Kolla peoples in Sillustani are remains of this period.

Puno is surrounded by 41 floating, man-made islands. The Uros created these islands to escape the Incas when they arrived in the region in the 13th century.

Legend has it that Inca Manco Capac, and his sister Mama Occlo, rose from Lake Titicaca on instructions from their father, the Sun God, to establish an empire which would unite cultures in one peaceful civilization: the Incan empire. The empire itself was divided into four suyus (regions), one of them being Collasuyu, which spread over the entire Plateau of Collao, including Puno. Under Inca Mayta, the Lake Titicaca region and its Kolla culture were incorporated into the Tahuantinsuyu Empire (the Quechua name for the Incan empire), becoming part of the wider suyu of Collasuyu.

In 1533, Spanish conquistadors arrived in Peru. Dominican priest Fray Tomás San Martín arrived in Puno in 1534 to convert the native people of the Peruvian Altiplano to Catholicism, and to establish new settlements. Dominican, Franciscan and Jesuit priests built several churches on the shores of Lake Titicaca with the help of indigenous artists.

When the Salcedo brothers, José and Gaspar, discovered the Laykakota silver mines, 9km (5.5mi) west of Puno, they quickly became two of the richest men of Latin America. The city of San Luis de Alva was soon established in close proximity to the mine.

However, knowledge of the great wealth of the Laykakota mines soon spread. Rivalry between mutinous and faithful Spanish soldiers led to bloody battles for ownership over the next century. The Viceroy, Count of Lemos, finally journeyed to the region to quell the fighting, executing José Salcedo and burning San Luis de Alva to the ground. In 1668, he established San Juan Bautista de Puno - the name was later changed to San Carlos de Puno in honor of the ruling king, Charles II of Spain. From then on, Puno was the most important city in the region.

In 1821, Peru and Bolivia fought at Puno during the Battle of Ingavi. Bolivia was victorious, subsequently occupying parts of Peru. An 1847 convention neutralized the victory, and Puno was left to live in peace.

Modern History

Puno's importance as a harbor increased when a railway was constructed between Arequipa and Mullendo - steamboats were transported from Arica to Lake Titicaca and mules carried their parts over the Andes. Bolivia exported a good deal of their minerals and ore via these steamboats on Lake Titicaca. They were used for the transportation of passengers and goods right up until 1982.

Built in 1862, the Yavari is the oldest steamship moored on Lake Titicaca. In 1999, to mark the restoration of her engine, she left port under her own power for the first time in nearly half a century.

Recent History

Modern Puno is the center of an important agricultural and livestock region - South American camelids (llamas and alpacas) are particularly prevalent.

Peru's president, Alan García, has designated Puno to become a Zona Económica (Special Economic Zone). This means that it will soon have economic laws that are more liberal than those typical of Peru.

Around 3000 descendants of the Uros are living today. A few hundred live on the floating islands and continue to maintain them, however, many have moved to the mainland.

The Laykakota mines are long since defunct - local legend surmises that nobody knows exactly where they are located.

Lonly planet peru

Peruvian highlands (Collaguas Cabanas Santa Catalina Arequipa Puno Chullpas Sillustani Chachani Misti Pichu Pichu Colca Canyon Petroglyphs of Toro Muerto Yanque Lari Madrigal Yanque Andagua Canyon Cotahuasi Taquile Suasi Amanati Tiahuanaco)

The department of Arequipa has a varied relief. It begins in the coastal desert and rises in the Andes, reaching high in the tops of mountains and volcanoes. Known as the White City for its beautiful white walls of ashlar stone, a volcanic stone, Arequipa lies at the foot of the imposing volcanoes Misti and Chachani nevado and Pichu Pichu. In the city center, declared World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 2000, may be temples and colonial baroque style, and the Monasterio de Santa Catalina, a Spanish city in miniature with narrow cobblestone streets, beautiful courtyards and plazas. Sabandía, Tingo Tiabaya and in the countryside, are places to visit, and the irresistible Arequipa cuisine is the perfect complement to the visit.

By far the most interesting places to visit in Arequipa is the convent of Santa Catalina. Built as a city in a city in 1580 and enlarged in the 17th century. This is probably the world's largest monastery. 450 nuns lived for more than 400 years, had no contact with the outside world. The inhabitants of Arequipa had no idea what happened between the high walls of the complex. Had much rumors and stories circulating around the people. Santa Catalina is wrapped in mystery and silence until 1970 when a large part of the convent opened its doors to the public. Nuns still live in the area north of the complex. Residents and tourists can freely visit the rest of the complex, with or without a guide. Everything was beautifully renovated and the small streets and squares are filled with colorful flowers and the walls are painted in fresh dye. The narrow streets brings you to the various parts of the convent and passing picturesque square rooms with original furniture. You can still smell the atmosphere of the half eded in many places, at the location where the monks washed their clothes and the library with an extensive collection of amazing books. Unfortunately the library is always open to the public.

Located just 3 hours and 45 minutes from the city, the Valley and the Colca Canyon is one of the most extraordinary country. Throughout the area can be colorful pre-Inca terraces cultivated to date with quinoa, corn, barley and wheat. In pre-Hispanic times the apartment was inhabited by Collaguas and Cabanas, today, people have managed to preserve its colonial churches of the Yanque, Lari and Madrigal and still dressed in beautiful costumes. The valley is also adventure sports like mountain biking, trekking and canoeing, and the Cruz del Condor can appreciate the majestic flight of the condors. Other attractions in the department are the Toro Muerto Petroglyphs, Valley of the Volcanoes of the Canyon and Andagua Cotahuasi

Puno was the site of Tiahuanaco culture (800 to 1200 AD), the highest expression of the Aymara people, which ran from what is now Peru and Bolivia, the Incas were imposed in the territory in the fifteenth century and the Spanish left an important legacy colonial rule in the area, attracted by the mining industry that developed in the place. Today, the city of Puno (3827 m) is the folklore capital of Peru and the headquarters of the Virgen de la Candelaria and rests on the shores of Titicaca, the highest navigable lake in the world. The surroundings are spectacular highlighting Chullpas Sillustani, with its impressive set of funerary towers built by Kolla, Juli, famous for its beautiful colonial churches, Lampa, with its colonial church built between 1675 and 1685; Llachón, who still retains centuries - customs and cultural events and Pucara, famous for its pre-Inca pottery and for the 'bulls of Pucara' today artisans produced clay.

The lake is also home to various islands, whose inhabitants have preserved ancient customs and traditions. An example of this are the Uros, who live in 'floating islands' artificially manufactured totora, and sailing through the area in their traditional boats also totora. Taquile, Suasi Amantaní and are known for the friendliness of its inhabitants and their ancient weaving techniques, the pre-construction and wonderful landscapes. Titicaca National Reserve (36,180 ha) protects totorales extensive and diverse species of flora and fauna.

Peruvian highlands (Collaguas Cabanas סנטה Catalina ארקיפה puno Chullpas Sillustani Chachani Misti Pichu Pichu Colca קניון Petroglyphs של טורו Muerto Yanque לארי Madrigal Yanque Andagua קניון Cotahuasi Taquile Suasi Amanati Tiahuanaco)

המחלקה ארקיפה יש מגוון הסיוע. זה מתחיל ב החוף מדבר עולה ב Andes, להגיע גבוה של tops של ההרים ואת הרי געש. המכונה לבן עיר יפה לבן שלה ashlar קירות אבן, א געשי אבן, ארקיפה שקרים על הטלת רגל של הרי געש Misti ו Chachani nevado ו Pichu Pichu. במרכז העיר, שהוכרז אתר מורשת עולמית על ידי אונסקו בשנת 2000, עשויה להיות המקדשים ו baroque בסגנון קולוניאלי, ואת Monasterio de Santa Catalina, ספרדית עיר מיניאטורי עם cobblestone ברחובות צרים, יפה courtyards ו plazas. Sabandía, Tingo Tiabaya וכן את Countryside, הם מקומות לבקר, ואת מגרה ביותר ארקיפה מאכלים הוא מושלם כדי להשלים את הביקור.

מאת רחוק ביותר מקומות מעניינים לביקור ארקיפה הוא מנזר סנטה Catalina. בנויה כמו עיר עיר 1580 ו מוגדל ב המאה ה -17. זהו ככל הנראה הגדולה בעולם מנזר. 450 nuns התגורר במשך יותר מ -400 שנים, לא היה כל קשר עם העולם החיצון. את התושבים של ארקיפה היה שום מושג מה קרה בין קירות גבוהים של המתחם. היו הרבה שמועות וסיפורים מחזורי סביב אנשים. סנטה Catalina הוא עטוף מסתורין ו שתיקה עד 1970, כאשר חלק גדול של מנזר פתחו את הדלתות לקהל. Nuns עדיין גר באזור הצפון של המתחם. תושבים ותיירים יכולים לבקר בחופשיות את שאר המתחם, עם או בלי מדריך. הכל היה יפה משופצת ואת קטנות ברחובות ריבועים מלאים פרחים צבעוניים הם ציירו על קירות של צבע טרי. לצמצם את הרחובות מביא לך את החלקים השונים של ברית ו עובר ציורית מרובע חדרים עם ריהוט מקורי. אתה עדיין יכול להריח את האווירה של חצי eded במקומות רבים, על פי המיקום שבו הנזירים לרחוץ את הבגדים שלהם ואת הספרייה נרחב עם אוסף מדהים של ספרים. למרבה הצער את הספרייה תמיד פתוח לציבור.

ממוקם רק 3 שעות ו 45 דקות מן העיר, וכן את בקעת Colca קניון הוא אחד יוצא דופן ביותר במדינה. לאורך כל האזור יכול להיות צבעוני מראש Inca מרפסות מתורבת עד היום עם quinoa, תירס, שעורה וחיטה. ב מראש היספני פעמים לדירה היה מיושב על ידי Collaguas ו Cabanas, היום, אנשים הצליחו לשמר את מושבות של כנסיות Yanque, לארי ו Madrigal ועדיין לבושים יפה תחפושות. העמק הוא גם אוהב הרפתקאות ספורט ההר biking, trekking ו canoeing, ואת קרוז דל Condor יכול להעריך את מלכותי הטיסה של condors. אחר אטרקציות בחוג הן טורו Muerto Petroglyphs, בקעת של הרי געש של קניון ואת Andagua Cotahuasi

Puno היה האתר של Tiahuanaco התרבות (800 עד 1200 AD), הביטוי הגבוה ביותר של שפת איימרה אנשים, אשר רצו ממה הוא כיום פרו ו בוליביה, הטיל את Incas היו בשטחים בתוך חמישה עשר המאה ואת ספרדית נותר חשוב בטיפול שלטון קולוניאלי באזור, נמשכים על ידי תעשיית כריית שהתפתחה במקום. כיום, העיר puno (3827 מ ') הוא פולקלור בירת פרו ואת המטה של Virgen de la Candelaria ו rests על shores של Titicaca, שיט האגם הגבוה ביותר בעולם. את סביבתם הם מרהיב הדגשה Chullpas Sillustani, עם סט מרשים של funerary המגדלים הבנויים לפי Kolla, Juli, המפורסם שלה יפה קולוניאלי כנסיות, Lampa, עם קולוניאלי שלה לכנסייה נבנה בין 1675 ו 1685; Llachón, אשר עדיין שומרת מאות -- מכס וכן אירועי תרבות ו Pucara, המפורסם שלה מראש Inca קדרות וכן עבור 'bulls של Pucara' האומנים היום מיוצר חרס.

האגם הוא גם איים שונים הביתה, יש תושבים אשר השתמר המנהגים ואת המסורת העתיקה. דוגמה לכך הם Uros, המתגוררים ב 'צפה איים' totora מיוצר באופן מלאכותי, וכן מפרש דרך השטח המסורתי שלהם גם סירות totora. Taquile, Suasi Amantaní והם ידועים של ידידות של תושבים ובני העתיק טכניקות אריגה, לפני הבנייה ו נופים נפלאים. שמורת Titicaca הלאומי (36,180 אה) מגנה על totorales נרחבים ומגוונים מינים של צומח ושל עולם החי.

Peruvian cao nguyên (Collaguas Cabanas Santa Catalina Arequipa Puno Chullpas Sillustani Chachani Misti Pichu Pichu Colca Canyon Petroglyphs của Toro Muerto Yanque Lari Madrigal Yanque Andagua Canyon Cotahuasi Taquile Suasi Amanati Tiahuanaco)

Sở Arequipa có một thay đổi đạo. Nó bắt đầu ở sa mạc ven biển, tăng trong Andes, đạt cao trong tops của núi và volcanoes. Được gọi là trắng được biết đến với thành phố xinh đẹp màu trắng của ashlar bức tường đá, một núi lửa đá, Arequipa nằm ở chân của oai volcanoes Misti và Chachani nevado và Pichu Pichu. Trong trung tâm thành phố, tuyên bố trang web của Di sản Thế giới của UNESCO năm 2000, có thể được đền thuộc phong cách baroque, và Monasterio de Santa Catalina, một tiếng Tây Ban Nha tại thành phố nhỏ với thu hẹp Cobblestone đường phố, courtyards đẹp và plazas. Sabandía, Tingo Tiabaya và ở nông thôn, là nơi có thể đến thăm, và irresistible Arequipa món ăn là sự bổ sung hoàn hảo cho việc truy cập.

Bởi xa nhất để tới thăm những nơi thú vị trong Arequipa là tu Santa Catalina. Xây dựng như là một thành phố trong một thành phố trong 1580 và mở rộng trong thế kỷ 17.. Điều này có lẽ là lớn nhất thế giới Đan viện. 450 nuns sống cho hơn 400 năm qua, không có liên hệ với thế giới bên ngoài. Những cư dân của Arequipa không có ý tưởng những gì đã xảy ra giữa những bức tường cao của phức tạp. Rumors và đã có nhiều câu chuyện lưu thông xung quanh người. Santa Catalina được gói trong bí ẩn và im lặng cho đến khi 1970 khi phần lớn các tu của nó đã mở cửa cho công chúng. Nuns vẫn sống ở khu vực phía bắc phức tạp. Cư dân và khách du lịch có thể tự do truy cập phần còn lại của sự phức tạp, có hoặc không có hướng dẫn. Tất cả mọi thứ đã được trùng tu đẹp mắt và các đường phố nhỏ và squares là đầy màu sắc hoa và những bức tường được sơn trong tươi dye. Việc thu hẹp đường phố mang đến cho bạn vào các phần của tu và đi ngang qua phòng tranh ve vuông với nội thất ban đầu. Bạn có thể vẫn còn mùi khí quyển của một nửa eded ở nhiều nơi, ở vị trí nơi mà các nhà sư giặt quần áo của họ và thư viện rộng lớn với một bộ sưu tập các cuốn sách tuyệt vời. Thật không may là thư viện luôn luôn mở cửa cho công chúng.

Tọa lạc chỉ 3 giờ và 45 phút từ thành phố, các thung lũng và Colca Canyon là một trong những quốc gia bất thường. Cả khu vực có thể được màu sắc trước Inca terraces cultivated đến nay với quinoa, bắp, lúa mì và barley. Trong gốc Tây ban nha lần trước khi các căn hộ đã được cư Collaguas và Cabanas, ngày hôm nay, người dân có được quản lý để bảo vệ các nhà thờ thuộc địa của Yanque, Lari và Madrigal và vẫn mặc quần áo đẹp trong costumes. Những thung lũng cũng là môn thể thao mạo hiểm như núi biking, trekking và các điểm du lịch hấp dẫn, và Cruz del Condor có thể đánh giá cao sự hùng vĩ của các chuyến bay condors. Các điểm thu hút khách trong các bộ phận là những Toro Muerto Petroglyphs, Thung lũng của Volcanoes của Canyon và Andagua Cotahuasi

Puno đã được trang web của Tiahuanaco văn hóa (800 đến 1200 AD), cao nhất Aymara biểu của người dân, từ những gì mà chạy ngay bây giờ là Peru và Bolivia, các Incas đã được áp dụng trên lãnh thổ trong fifteenth kỷ và tiếng Tây Ban Nha còn lại quan trọng thừa thuộc quy định trong khu vực, thu hút của các ngành công nghiệp khai là phát triển ở các nơi. Ngày nay, thành phố của Puno (3.827 m) là folklore vốn của Peru và các trụ sở của Virgen de la Candelaria và nghỉ trên bờ Titicaca, điều hướng hồ nước cao nhất trên thế giới. Các mục của môi trường xung quanh được tô sáng Chullpas Sillustani, ấn tượng với những bộ funerary tháp được xây dựng bởi Kolla, Juli, nổi tiếng xinh đẹp cho các nhà thờ thuộc địa, Lampa, với một nhà thờ được xây dựng thuộc địa giữa 1675 và 1685; Llachón, những người vẫn còn giữ lại thế kỷ -- hải quan và các sự kiện văn hóa và Pucara, nổi tiếng cho các pre-Inca gốm và cho 'bulls của Pucara' ngày hôm nay nghệ nhân sản xuất đất sét.

Các hồ nước cũng là nhà để các hòn đảo, có cư dân có phong tục cổ xưa lưu giữ và truyền thống. Ví dụ này là các Uros, những người sống trong 'nổi hòn đảo' totora giả tạo, sản xuất, và thuyền qua các khu vực trong các tàu thuyền truyền thống cũng totora. Taquile, Suasi Amantaní và được gọi thân thiện cho các cư dân của nó, và các cổ dệt kỹ thuật, quá trình xây dựng và phong cảnh tuyệt vời. Titicaca Quốc Reserve (36.180 ha), bảo vệ totorales rộng lớn và đa dạng quần thể thực vật và fauna.

Перуанський високогір'я (Cabanas Collaguas Санта-Каталина Арекіпа Пуно Chullpas Sillustani Chachani Misti Pichu Pichu Каньйон Колка Петрогліфи Торо Muerto Yanque ларі Мадригал Yanque Andagua Каньйон Cotahuasi Taquile Suasi Amanati Tiahuanaco)

Департамент Арекіпа має різноманітний рельєф. Вона починається в прибережній пустелі і підноситься в Андах, в досягненні високих вершинах гір і вулканів. Відома як Білий Місто за свої гарні білі стіни блочний камінь, вулканічний камінь, Арекіпа лежить біля підніжжя вулканів введення Misti і Chachani nevado і Pichu Pichu. У центрі міста, заявив Всесвітньої спадщини ЮНЕСКО в 2000 році, може бути храмів і колоніального стилю бароко, і Monasterio де-Санта-Каталина, іспанська місто в мініатюрі з вузькими вулицями булыжник, гарні двори і площі. Sabandía, Тінго Tiabaya і в сільській місцевості, мають місця для відвідування, і непереборного Арекіпа кухні є ідеальним доповненням до поїздки.

Найбільш цікаві місця для відвідування в Арекіпа є монастир Санта Каталина. Побудований як місто в місті в 1580 і розширений в 17 столітті. Ймовірно, це найбільша в світі монастиря. 450 монахині жили більше 400 років, не було контакту із зовнішнім світом. Мешканці Арекіпа не мав ні найменшого уявлення, що сталося між високими стінами комплексу. Було багато чуток і розповідей циркулюючих навколо людей. Санта-Каталина є загорнути в таємницю і мовчання до 1970, коли значна частина монастиря відкрив свої двері для публіки. Черниці і раніше живуть в районі на північ від комплексу. Жителі і туристи можуть вільно відвідувати решти комплексу, за допомогою або без керівництва. Все було гарно відремонтована і малі вулиці та площі заповнені з барвистими квітами і стіни пофарбовані в свіжої фарби. Вузька вулиця приведе вас до різних частин монастирі і проходить мальовничі площі номерів з оригінальною меблями. Ви можете відчути запах атмосферу половину eded в багатьох місцях, в тому місці, де монахи, мити їх одяг і бібліотека з великою колекцією дивовижних книг. На жаль, бібліотеки завжди відкриті для громадськості.

Розташований всього в 3 години і 45 хвилин від міста, і долина Колка Каньйон є одним з найбільш позачергове країни. В області може бути барвиста до інків тераси культівіруемих до теперішнього часу з квіноа, кукурудзи, ячменю і пшениці. У доіспанскіх раз квартира була населена Collaguas Cabanas і сьогодні, люди зуміли зберегти свої колоніальні церкви Yanque, Ларі та Мадригал і, як і раніше, одягнені в гарні костюми. Долина також пригодницькі види спорту, як гірський велосипед, трекінг і каное, і Крус-дель-Кондор можна оцінити величний політ Кондор. Інші пам'ятки Департаменту Торо Muerto Петрогліфи, Долина вулканів Каньйон і Andagua Cotahuasi

Пуно був сайт Tiahuanaco культури (від 800 до 1200 р. н.е.), що є найвищим вираженням народу Аймарська, який утік від того, що в даний час Перу і Болівії, інки були введені на територію в п'ятнадцятому столітті, і іспанські залишили важливим спадщиною колоніального панування в цьому районі, привернула гірничодобувної промисловості, які розвивалися в місці. Сьогодні, в місті Пуне (3827 м) є фольклор столиці Перу і штаб Вірхен-де-ла-Канделяріі і лежить на березі Тітікака, що є найвищим судноплавним озером в світі. Околиці є вражаючими підкресливши Chullpas Sillustani з його вражаючим набором похоронний башти побудовані кілки, Жюлі, відомого своїми прекрасними колоніальні церкви, Лампа з її колоніальної Церква побудована між 1675 і 1685; Llachón, які, як і раніше зберігає століть -- звичаї та культурні заходи і Pucara, відомий своєю предсессіонной інків гончарне і для "биків з Pucara 'сьогодні ремісники виробництва глини.

Озеро є також домом для різних островів, мешканці яких збереглися стародавні звичаї і традиції. Прикладом цього є Урош, хто живе в "плавучих островів штучно виготовлені totora і вітрильних через область, у свої традиційні човни також totora. Taquile, Suasi Amantaní і відомі дружелюбність його мешканців та їх давні ткацькі технології, до будівництва та чудові краєвиди. Тітікака Національний заповідник (36180 га) захищає totorales великих і різноманітних видів флори і фауни.

Peruvian kabundukan (Collaguas Cabanas Santa Catalina Arequipa Puno Chullpas Sillustani Chachani Misti Pichu Pichu Colca Canyon Petroglyphs ng Toro Muerto Yanque lari Madrigal Yanque Andagua Canyon Cotahuasi Taquile Suasi Amanati Tiahuanaco)

Ang mga kagawaran ng Arequipa ay may iba-iba kaluwagan. Ito ay nagsisimula sa baybay-dagat ng disyerto at rises sa Andes, na umaabot sa mataas na sa tops ng bundok at volcanoes. Kilala bilang White City para sa kanyang beautiful white dingding ng tinabtab na bato-bato, ang isang mala-bulkan bato, Arequipa lies sa paa ng mga kahanga-volcanoes Misti at Chachani nevado at Pichu Pichu. Sa gitna ng lungsod, ipinahayag World Heritage Site ng UNESCO noong 2000, ay maaaring Templo at kolonyal baroque style, at ang Monasterio de Santa Catalina, isang Spanish lungsod sa maliit na larawan na may makitid cobblestone kalye, maganda courtyards at plazas. Sabandía, Tingo Tiabaya at sa kabukiran, ay upang bisitahin ang mga lugar, at ang hindi matiis Arequipa cuisine ay ang perpektong kapupunan para sa mga pagbisita.

Sa pamamagitan ng malayo ang pinaka-kagiliw-giliw na mga lugar sa pagbisita sa Arequipa ay ang kumbento ng Santa Catalina. Binuo bilang isang lungsod sa isang lungsod sa 1580 at pinalaki sa ika-17 siglo. Ito ay maaaring mangyari ang mundo monasteryo. 450 nuns buhay para sa higit sa 400 taon, ay walang kumontak sa labas ng mundo. Ang mga naninirahan sa Arequipa ay walang ideya kung ano ang nangyari sa pagitan ng mga mataas na pader ng mga kumplikadong. Had marami alingawngaw at kuwento nagpapalipat-lipat sa paligid ng mga tao. Santa Catalina ay balot ng misteryo at katahimikan hanggang 1970 kapag ang isang malaking bahagi ng kumbento binuksan ang kanyang pinto sa publiko. Nuns pa rin nakatira sa lugar hilaga ng kumplikadong. Residente at tourists malayang maaaring bisitahin ang magpahinga ng ang mga komplikadong, mayroon o walang isang gabay. Lahat ng bagay ay beautifully renovated at ang mga maliliit na kalye at squares ay buhay na buhay na puno na may mga bulaklak at ang mga pader ay ipininta sa sariwang kulayan. Ang makitid na daan nagdadala ka sa iba't-ibang bahagi ng kumbento at padaan mapaglarawan parisukat na silid na may mga orihinal na mga kasangkapan sa bahay. Ikaw ay maaari pa ring amoy ng kapaligiran ng kalahating eded sa maraming lugar, at ang mga lokasyon kung saan ang mga monks hugasan ang kanilang mga damit at ang mga library sa isang malawak na koleksyon ng mga amazing libro. Sa kasamaang palad ang silid-aklatan ay laging bukas sa publiko.

Na matatagpuan lamang 3 oras at 45 minuto mula sa lungsod, ang Valley at ang Colca Canyon ay isa sa pinaka-pambihira bansa. Sa buong lugar ay maaaring maging buhay na buhay pre-Inca terraces nilinang sa petsa kasama ang quinoa, mais, barli at trigo. Sa pre-Hispanic beses ang apartment ay pinananahanan ng Collaguas at Cabanas, ngayon, ang mga tao ay may pinamamahalaang upang pangalagaan ang kanyang simbahan kolonyal ng Yanque, lari at Madrigal at bihis pa rin sa maganda costumes. Ang lambak ay adventure sports tulad mountain biking, trekking at canoeing, at ang Cruz del kondor maaari pahalagahan ang mga maharlika na flight ng condors. Iba pang mga attractions sa departamento ay ang Toro Muerto Petroglyphs sa Valley ng Volcanoes ng Canyon at Andagua Cotahuasi

Puno ay ang site ng Tiahuanaco kultura (800 sa 1200 AD), ang pinakamataas na ekspresyon ng Aymara mga tao, na ang bumangga sa kung ano ang ngayon ay Peru at Bolivia, ang mga Incas ay ipataw sa teritoryo sa ikalabinlimang siglo at ang mga Espanyol sa kaliwa ng isang mahalagang legacy kolonyal na batas sa lugar, attracted ng pagmimina industriya na binuo sa lugar. Ngayon, ang mga lungsod ng Puno (3,827 m) ay ang alamat kabisera ng Peru at ang mga punong-himpilan ng Virgen de la Candelaria at rests sa Shores ng Titicaca, ang pinakamataas na lake-navigate sa buong mundo. Ang paligid ay kahindik-highlight Chullpas Sillustani, sa kanyang kahanga-set ng funerary towers na binuo sa pamamagitan ng Kolla, Juli, bantog na para sa kanyang beautiful kolonyal simbahan, Lampa, sa kanyang kolonyal iglesia itinayo sa pagitan ng 1675 at 1685; Llachón, sino pa rin Taglay siglo -- kaugalian at kultura kaganapan at Pucara, bantog na para sa kanyang pre-Inca palayok at para sa 'Bulls ng Pucara' ngayon artisans ginawa luad.

Ang lake ay din tahanan sa iba't-ibang isla, na ang mga naninirahan ay may nakapreserba sinaunang kaugalian at tradisyon. Isang halimbawa ng mga ito ay ang mga Uros, na nakatira sa 'lumulutang na isla ng' artificially manufactured totora, at paglalayag sa pamamagitan ng mga lugar na sa kanilang mga tradisyunal na mga bangka din totora. Taquile, Suasi Amantaní at ang mga ito ay kilala para sa kabaitan ng kanyang mga naninirahan at ang kanilang mga sinaunang pamamaraan paghabi, ang pre-konstruksiyon at kahanga-hanga landscapes. Titicaca National Reserve (36180 ha) pinoprotektahan totorales malawak at iba't-ibang species ng flora at palahayupan.

Peruanska höglandet (Collaguas Cabanas Santa Catalina Arequipa Puno Chullpas Sillustani Chachani Misti PICCHU PICCHU Colca Canyon Petroglyphs av Toro Muerto Yanque Lari Madrigal Yanque Andagua Canyon Cotahuasi Taquile Suasi Amanati Tiahuanaco)

Avdelningen för Arequipa har ett varierat lättnad. Det börjar i kustnära öknen och stiger i Anderna och nådde högt i topp av berg och vulkaner. Känd som den vita staden för dess vackra vita väggar ashlar sten, en vulkanisk sten, Arequipa ligger vid foten av de väldiga vulkaner Misti och Chachani Nevado och PICCHU PICCHU. I stadens centrum, förklarade i Unesco: s världsarv år 2000, kan tempel och koloniala barockstil och Monasterio de Santa Catalina, en spansk stad i miniatyr med smala kullerstensgator, vackra gårdar och torg. Sabandía, Tingo Tiabaya och på landsbygden, är platser att besöka, och oemotståndlig Arequipa köket är ett perfekt komplement till besöket.

Den absolut mest intressanta platser att besöka i Arequipa är klostret Santa Catalina. Byggd som en stad i en stad under 1580 och utökas i den 17: e århundradet. Detta är förmodligen världens största kloster. 450 nunnor levde för mer än 400 år, hade ingen kontakt med omvärlden. Invånarna i Arequipa hade ingen aning om vad som hände mellan höga murar av komplex. Hade mycket rykten och historier som cirkulerar runt människor. Santa Catalina är insvept i mystik och tystnad fram till 1970 då en stor del av convent öppnade sina dörrar för allmänheten. Nunnor fortfarande bor i området norr om komplexa. Invånare och turister kan fritt besöka resten av komplexa, med eller utan guide. Allt var vackert renoverade och små gator och torg är fyllda av färgglada blommor och väggarna är målade i färsk färgämne. De smala gatorna tar dig till olika delar av kloster och passerar pittoreska kvadratiska rum med ursprungliga möbler. Du kan fortfarande känna lukten av atmosfären i en halv eded på många ställen, på den plats där munkarna tvättat sina kläder och biblioteket med en omfattande samling av fantastiska böcker. Tyvärr biblioteket är alltid öppna för allmänheten.

Ligger bara 3 timmar och 45 minuter från city, dalen och Colca Canyon är en av de mest extraordinära landet. I hela området kan färgstarka pre-inka terrasser odlade uppdaterad med Quinoa, majs, korn och vete. I pre-spanska gånger lägenheten var bebodd av Collaguas och Cabanas, idag, folk har lyckats behålla sin koloniala kyrkor i Yanque, Lari och Madrigal och fortfarande klädda i vackra dräkter. Dalen är också äventyr idrotter som mountainbike, vandring och paddling, och Cruz del Condor kan uppskatta den majestätiska flygning i condors. Andra attraktioner i departementet är de Toro Muerto Petroglyphs, Valley of the Volcanoes av Canyon och Andagua Cotahuasi

Puno var platsen för Tiahuanaco kultur (800 till 1200 e.Kr.), det högsta uttrycket för Aymara människor, som pågick från vad som nu är Peru och Bolivia, Inkorna infördes i det område i femtonde århundradet och den spanska lämnat ett viktigt arv koloniala styre i området, lockas av gruvindustrin att utvecklas i stället. Idag är staden Puno (3827 m) är folklore huvudstaden i Peru och huvudkontoret för Virgen de la Candelaria och ligger vid stranden av Titicaca, den högsta farbara sjö i världen. Omgivningarna är spektakulära lyfta Chullpas Sillustani, med dess imponerande uppsättning begravningsändamål torn byggt av Kolla, Juli, berömt för sin vackra koloniala kyrkor, Lampa, med dess koloniala kyrka byggdes mellan 1675 och 1685; Llachón, som fortfarande behåller århundraden -- tull-och kulturevenemang och Pucara, känd för sina före Inka keramik och för "tjurar av Pucara" idag hantverkare producerade lera.

Sjön är också hem till olika öar, vars invånare har bevarat urgamla seder och traditioner. Ett exempel på detta är Uros, som bor i "flytande öar" artificiellt tillverkade totora och segling genom området i sina traditionella båtar också totora. Taquile, Suasi Amantaní och är kända för vänlighet dess invånare och deras antika vävning tekniker, inför byggande och underbart landskap. Titicaca National Reserve (36180 ha) skyddar totorales omfattande och varierande arter av flora och fauna.

Перуанац Горје (Цоллагуас Цабанас Санта Цаталина Арекуипа Пуно Цхуллпас Силлустани Цхацхани місто Пицху Пицху Цолца Цаныон Петроглыпхс у Торо Муерто Ыанкуе Лари мадригал Ыанкуе Андагуа кањон Цотахуаси Такуиле Суаси Аманати Тиахуанацо)

Департмент оф Арекуипа има разнолик рељеф. Она почиње у обално и пустиње крева у андели, достизање високе на врховима планина и волцаноес. Познате као Бијели Град по лепим белим зидовима од камена коцка камена, а вулкански камен, Арекуипа налази подно импозантне волцаноес місто и Цхацхани Невада и Пицху Пицху. У центру града, прогласила светске културне баштине УНЕСЦО-у 2000, мај бити храмове и колонијалне барокне стилу, а Монастерио де Санта Цаталина, шпанском граду у минијатуре коцка калдрме са уским улицама, прекрасним двориштима и плазас. Сабандіа, Тинго Тиабаыа и околину, а места за посетити, а Неодољива Арекуипа кухиња савршена допуна посете.

Далеко најзанимљивије места за посету у Арекуипа је самостан Санта Цаталина. Уграђени као град у граду, у 1580 и проширене у 17. веку. То је вероватно највећих светских самостана. 450 монаси живели више од 400 година, није имао контакта са спољним светом. Становници Арекуипа није имао појма шта се догодило између високих зидова комплекса. Имао много гласина и прича кружи око људи. Санта Цаталина је замотан у отајство и тишина све до 1970 када је велики део самостана је отворио своја врата за јавност. Монаси и даље живе на подручју сјеверно од комплекса. Становници и туристи могу слободно посетите остатак комплекса, са или без водича. Све је било лепо реновиран и мале улице и тргови су испуњена шареним цвјетовима, а зидови су осликани свеже обојени. Уским улицама доводи до разних делова самостана и пролази сликовито тргу собе са оригиналним намештајем. И даље можете омирисати атмосферу половина едед на многим местима, на месту где су монаси оперу своју одећу и библиотеку са иненађујуће велику збирку књига. Нажалост библиотека је увек отворен за јавност.

Налази само 3 сата и 45 минута од града, у долини и Цолца Цаныон је један од ванредних земљи. Кроз подручје може бити пре-инча шарене терасе узгаја на датум са куиноа, кукуруз, јечам и пшеницу. Ин пре-Хиспањолци пута апартман насељавају Цоллагуас и Цабанас, данас, људи су успјела сачувати њене колонијалне цркве у Ыанкуе, Лари и мадригал и још увек обучени у прекрасни костиме. Долина је авантура спортова попут брдско Бициклизам, планинарење и кануинг, а Цруз дел Цондор могу цијенити импозантног лета од цондорс. Остале атракције у одељењу су Торо Муерто Петроглыпхс, у долини Волцаноес на кањон и Андагуа Цотахуаси

Пуно је месту Тиахуанацо културе (800 до 1200 АД), највиши израз у Аымара људи, што је текла из онога што се сада Перу и Боливија, наметнули су се Инцас на територији у Петнаестог века и шпански лево важан Оставштина колонијалне владавине на том подручју, које је привукло да се Рударска индустрија развила се у место. Данас је град Пуно (3827 м) је главни град у Перуу фолклора и седиште је Вирген де ла Цанделариа и почива на обали Титицаца, највишег пловна језеро на свету. Околица је спектакуларан наглашавајући Цхуллпас Силлустани, са импресивним скупом фунерары кулама саграђен по Колла, Јули, позната по својим прекрасним колонијалном црквама, лампа, са својих колонијалних црква саграђена између 1675 и 1685; Ллацхо́н, који и даље задржава века -- обичаја и културних дешавања и Пуцар, познат по својим пре-инча лончарства и за 'бикови за Пуцар' данас артисанс произведене глине.

Језеро је такође дом разним острвима, чији становници су сачуване древне обичаје и традицију. Пример за то су се Уросс, који живе у 'плутајући острва "вештачки произведен тотора, и једрење кроз простор у својим традиционалним чамцима и тотора. Такуиле, Суаси Амантані и познат по наклоности својих становника и њихових древних техникама ткања, пред-изградњу и прекрасни крајолици. Титицаца Национални резерват (36.180 ха) штити тоторалес опсежним и разноврсном врсте флоре и фауне.

Peruvian Highlands (Collaguas Cabanas Santa Catalina Arequipa Puno Chullpas Sillustani Chachani MISTI Pichu Pichu Colca Canyon Petroglyphs de Toro Muerto Yanque Lari Madrigal Yanque Andagua Canyon Cotahuasi Taquile Suasi Amanati Tiahuanaco)

Departamentul de Arequipa are un relief variat. Ea începe în deşert de coastă, şi se ridică în Andes, ajungând la ridicat în topuri de munti si vulcani. Cunoscută sub numele de White City pentru frumos alb ashlar pereţi de piatră, o piatră vulcanică, Arequipa se află la poalele de impunere vulcanii MISTI şi Chachani Nevado şi Pichu Pichu. În centrul oraşului, a declarat site-Patrimoniului Mondial UNESCO in anul 2000, pot fi temple şi colonial stil baroc, şi Monasterio de Santa Catalina, un spaniol oraş în miniatură, cu străzi înguste cobblestone, curti frumos şi plazas. Sabandía, Tingo Tiabaya şi în mediul rural, sunt locuri de vizitat, precum şi irezistibil Arequipa bucataria este completarea perfectă pentru a vizita.

De departe cele mai interesante locuri de vizitat in Arequipa este manastirea din Santa Catalina. Construit ca un oraş într-un oraş în 1580 şi extinsă în a 17-lea. Acesta este, probabil, cea mai mare manastire. 450 maici locuit pentru mai mult de 400 de ani, nu a avut nici un contact cu lumea exterioară. Locuitorii din Arequipa nu a avut nici o idee despre ceea ce sa întâmplat între ridicat ziduri de complex. Am avut mult de zvonuri şi poveşti care circulă în jurul oamenilor. Santa Catalina este învăluit în mister şi tăcere până la 1970 în momentul în care o mare parte din manastire a deschis porţile pentru public. Calugaritele încă vii în zona de nord a complexului. Rezidenţi şi liber, turistii pot vizita restul de complex, cu sau fără un ghid. Totul a fost frumos renovate şi mici străzi şi în pieţe sunt umplute cu flori colorate şi pereţii sunt vopsite în vopsea proaspătă. Înguste străzi va aduce la diferite părţi ale mănăstire şi să se treacă pitoresc pătrat camere cu mobilier original. Puteţi în continuare să miros de atmosfera de la o jumătate eded in multe locuri, de la locul în care a Monahi spălat hainele lor şi biblioteca, cu o vastă colecţie de cărţi uimitor. Din păcate, biblioteca este mereu deschisă pentru public.

Situat la doar 3 ore şi 45 minute de oraş, Valea şi Colca Canyon este una dintre cele mai extraordinare ţară. Peste tot în zonă poate fi colorat de pre-Inca terase cultivate la curent cu quinoa, porumb, orz şi grâu. În pre-hispanic ori apartamentul a fost locuit de Collaguas şi Cabanas, astăzi, oamenii au reuşit să-şi păstreze colonial biserici din Yanque, Lari şi Madrigal şi încă îmbrăcaţi în frumoase costume. Valea aventura sport este, de asemenea, ca de munte ciclism, drumetii si canotaj, şi Cruz del Condor poate aprecia Majesticul zbor a condors. Alte atractii din Departamentul sunt Toro Muerto Petroglyphs, Valea de la vulcanii din canion şi Andagua Cotahuasi

Puno a fost site-ul de Tiahuanaco cultură (800 - 1200 AD), cea mai înaltă expresie a aymara oameni, care a fugit de la ceea ce este acum, Peru şi Bolivia, au fost impuse de INCAS în teritoriu, în a cincisprezecea-lea şi a lăsat un important spaniolă moştenire colonial regulă din zona, atrasi de industria minieră care a dezvoltat în loc. Astăzi, oraşul Puno (3827 m) este de folclor de capital din Peru şi sediu al Virgen de la Candelaria şi se bazează pe ţărmuri ale Titicaca, cel mai mare lac navigabil din lume. Împrejurimile sunt spectaculoase, subliniind Chullpas Sillustani, cu impresionant set de funerar turnuri, construit de Kolla, Juli, celebru pentru său frumoase biserici coloniale, lampa, cu coloniale biserica construită între 1675 şi 1685; Llachón, care încă mai păstrează de secole -- vamale şi de evenimente culturale şi Pucara, celebru pentru pre-Inca de olărit, precum şi pentru "tauri de Pucara 'azi artizani produse argila.

Lacul este, de asemenea, acasă la diferite insule, a cărui locuitori au pastrat cele mai vechi tradiţii şi obiceiuri. Un exemplu în acest sens sunt Uros, care traiesc in "insule plutitoare" fabricate artificial totora, şi navighează prin zona lor tradiţionale în bărci de asemenea totora. Taquile, Suasi Amantaní şi sunt cunoscute pentru bunăvoinţă şi a locuitorilor lor vechi tehnici de ţesut, de pre-construcţie şi de peisaje minunate. Titicaca rezervei naţionale (36.180 ha) protejează totorales extinse şi diverse specii de floră şi faună.

Peru wyżyna (Collaguas Cabañas Santa Catalina Arequipa Puno Chullpas Sillustani Chachani Misti Pichu Pichu Petroglyphs Kanionu Colca z Toro muerto Yanque Lari Madrigal Yanque Andagua Canyon Cotahuasi Taquile Suasi Amanati Tiahuanaco)

Departamencie Arequipa ma zróżnicowane ulgi. Zaczyna się w strefach przybrzeżnych oraz pustyni rośnie w Andach, osiągając wysokie w wierzchołków gór i wulkanów. Znany jako White City jej piękne białe ściany Ashlar kamienia, wulkanicznego kamienia, Arequipa leży u stóp wulkanów Misti nakładanie i Chachani Nevado i Pichu Pichu. W centrum miasta, zgłoszonych przez strony Światowego Dziedzictwa UNESCO w 2000 r., mogą być świątynie i kolonialnym stylu barokowym, a Monasterio de Santa Catalina, hiszpański miniaturowe miasto z wąskimi uliczkami brukowiec, piękne dziedzińce i kina. Sabandía, Tingo Tiabaya i na wsi, są miejsca do odwiedzenia, a nieodpartym Arequipa kuchni jest doskonałym uzupełnieniem wizyty.

Najbardziej interesujących miejsc do odwiedzenia w Arequipa jest klasztor Santa Catalina. Zbudowany jako miasto w mieście w 1580 i rozszerzony w 17 wieku. Jest to prawdopodobnie największy na świecie klasztor. 450 mniszek żyła ponad 400 lat, nie miał kontaktu ze światem zewnętrznym. Mieszkańcy Arequipa nie miał pojęcia, co wydarzyło się między wysokie ściany kompleksu. Miał wiele plotek i opowieści krążących wokół osób. Santa Catalina jest zawinięty w tajemnicy milczenia i do 1970 r., gdy duża część klasztoru otworzyło swoje podwoje dla zwiedzających. Nuns wciąż żyje w obszarze na północ od kompleksu. Mieszkańcy i turyści mogą swobodnie zwiedzić resztę kompleksu z przewodnikiem lub bez. Wszystko było pięknie odnowiony i małe ulice i place wypełnione są kolorowe kwiaty, a ściany są pomalowane świeżym barwnika. Wąskie uliczki prowadzą do różnych części klasztoru i przechodząc malowniczym placu pokoje z oryginalnych mebli. Nadal można zapachu atmosferę połowie eded w wielu miejscach, w miejscu, gdzie mnisi wyprali swoje szaty i biblioteki z obszerną kolekcję książek niesamowite. Niestety biblioteki jest zawsze otwarte dla publiczności.

Położony zaledwie 3 godziny i 45 minut od miasta, Dolina i Kanion Colca to jedna z najbardziej niezwykłym kraju. Przez cały obszar można kolorowe wstępnie Inca tarasy uprawiane na bieżąco z quinoa, kukurydza, jęczmień i pszenica. W pre-Hispanic razy apartament był zamieszkiwany przez Collaguas i Cabañas dziś ludzi udało się zachować swoje kolonialne kościoły z Yanque, Lari oraz Madrigal i nadal ubrana w piękne kostiumy. Dolina jest także przygoda sportowych takich jak kolarstwo górskie, trekking i spływy kajakowe, a Cruz del Condor mogą docenić majestatyczny lot z condors. Inne atrakcje w departamencie są Toro muerto Petroglyphs, Valley of the Volcanoes z Kanion i Andagua Cotahuasi

Puno był miejscem Tiahuanaco kultury (800 do 1200 AD), najwyższy wyraz w Ajmara osób, które prowadził od tego, co jest teraz Peru i Boliwia, w Incas zostały nałożone na terytorium, w XV wieku i Hiszpański lewy ważną spuścizną kolonialnych rządów w dziedzinie, przyciąga górnictwa które powstały w miejscu. Dziś miasta Puno (3827 m) jest folklor stolicy Peru i siedziba w Virgen de la Candelaria i opiera się na brzegu Titicaca, najwyżej żeglowne jezioro na świecie. W okolicy są spektakularne podkreślając Chullpas Sillustani, z jego imponującym zestawem pogrzebowe wieże zbudowane przez Kolla, Juli, słynie z pięknych kolonialnych kościołów Lampie z jej kolonialnych kościół wybudowany w latach 1675 i 1685; Llachón, który wciąż zachowuje wieków -- celnych i wydarzeń kulturalnych i Pucara, słynie z ceramiki sprzed Inca i dla "byków z Pucara" dzisiaj rzemieślników produkowane gliny.

Jezioro jest także domem dla wielu wysp, których mieszkańcy mają zachowanych starożytnych zwyczajów i tradycji. Przykładem tego są Uros, którzy mieszkają w "pływające wyspy" sztucznie wytwarzane totora i żeglowania na całym obszarze ich tradycyjnych łodzi również totora. Taquile, Suasi Amantaní i znane są przyjaźni mieszkańcy i ich starożytnej techniki tkania, sprzed budowy i wspaniałe krajobrazy. Titicaca Rezerwat (36.180 ha) chroni totorales szerokie i różnorodne gatunki flory i fauny.

Peruansk Highlands (Collaguas Cabanas Santa Catalina Arequipa Puno Chullpas Sillustani Chachani Misti Pichu Pichu Colca Canyon Petroglyphs av Toro Muerto Yanque Lari Madrigal Yanque Andagua Canyon Cotahuasi Taquile Suasi Amanati Tiahuanaco)

Institutt for Arequipa har et variert lettelse. Det starter i kystnære ørken og økning i Andesfjellene, nå høy i topper fjell og vulkaner. Kjent som White City for sin vakre hvite vegger av ashlar stein, en vulkansk stein, Arequipa ligger ved foten av den imponerende vulkaner Misti og Chachani nevado og Pichu Pichu. I sentrum, erklærte World Heritage Site av UNESCO i 2000, kan være templer og koloniale barokkstil, og Monasterio de Santa Catalina, en spansk by i miniatyr med smale cobblestone gatene, vakre gårdsrom samt plazas. Sabandía, Tingo Tiabaya og på landsbygda, er steder å besøke, og uimotståelig Arequipa kjøkkenet er et perfekt supplement til besøket.

Langt den mest interessante steder å besøke i Arequipa er klosteret Santa Catalina. Bygget som en by i byen i 1580 og utvidet i det 17. århundre. Dette er trolig verdens største klosteret. 450 nonner bodde i mer enn 400 år, hadde ingen kontakt med omverdenen. Innbyggerne i Arequipa hadde ingen anelse om hva som skjedde mellom høye vegger av komplekse. Hadde mye rykter og historier circulating rundt mennesker. Santa Catalina er innpakket i mystikk og ro til 1970 da en stor del av klosteret åpnet sine dører for publikum. Nonner fortsatt bor i området nord for kompleks. Innbyggere og turister kan fritt gå resten av komplekse, med eller uten guide. Alt var nydelig restaurert og små gater og plasser er fylt med fargerike blomster og veggene er malt i friske fargestoff. De trange gatene fører deg til de forskjellige delene av klosteret og passerer pittoreske torget rom med originale møbler. Du kan fortsatt lukter atmosfæren til en halv eded mange steder, på det stedet hvor munkene vaske sine klær og biblioteket med et bredt utvalg av flotte bøker. Dessverre biblioteket er alltid åpent for publikum.

Ligger bare 3 timer og 45 minutter fra byen, dalen og Colca Canyon er en av de mest ekstraordinære landet. Hele området kan bli fargerike pre-Inca terrasser dyrket oppdatert med quinoa, mais, bygg og hvete. I pre-Hispanic ganger leiligheten var bebodd av Collaguas og Cabanas, i dag, folk har greid å bevare sin koloniale kirker av Yanque, Lari og Madrigal og fortsatt kledd i flotte drakter. Dalen er også adventure sports like mountain biking, trekking og padling, og Cruz del Condor kan oppleve den majestetiske flytur av condors. Andre attraksjoner i avdelingen er Toro Muerto Petroglyphs, Valley of vulkanene på Canyon og Andagua Cotahuasi

Puno var området av Tiahuanaco kultur (800 til 1200 AD), det høyeste uttrykk for Aymara folk, som gikk fra det som nå er Peru og Bolivia, inkaenes ble innført i området i det femtende århundre og den spanske igjen en viktig arv kolonialstil regel i området, tiltrukket av gruvedriften bransjen som utviklet seg i sted. I dag er byen Puno (3827 m) er folklore hovedstaden i Peru og hovedkvarteret til Virgen de la Candelaria og hviler på kysten av Titicaca, det høyeste farbare innsjø i verden. Omgivelsene er spektakulære uthevingen Chullpas Sillustani, med sine imponerende sett funerary tårn bygget av Kolla, Juli, berømt for sin vakre koloniale kirker Lampa med sin koloniale kirke bygget mellom 1675 og 1685; Llachón, som fortsatt beholder århundrer -- skikker og kulturelle arrangementer og Pucara, berømt for sin pre-Inca keramikk og for 'okser av Pucara "i dag artisans produsert leire.

Innsjøen er også hjem til ulike øyer, der befolkningen har bevarte gamle skikker og tradisjoner. Et eksempel på dette er Uros, som bor i "flytende øyer" kunstig produsert totora og seiler gjennom området i sin tradisjonelle båter også totora. Taquile, Suasi Amantaní og er kjent for friendliness sine innbyggere og sine gamle veving teknikker, før bygging og flott landskap. Titicaca National Reserve (36.180 ha) beskytter totorales omfattende og varierte arter av flora og fauna.

Peruvjana għoljiet (Collaguas Cabañas Santa Catalina Arequipa Puno Chullpas Sillustani Chachani Misti Pichu Pichu Colca Canyon Petroglyphs tal Toro Muerto Yanque Lari Madrigal Yanque Andagua Canyon Cotahuasi Taquile Suasi Amanati Tiahuanaco)

Id-dipartiment ta 'Arequipa tkun varjata eżenzjoni. Jibda fl-deżert kostali u ż-żiediet fil-Andes, tintlaħaq għolja fil-quċċati ta 'muntanji u vulkani. Magħrufa bħala l-White City tagħha beautiful white ashlar ħitan tal-ġebel, a vulkanika ġebel, Arequipa tinsab fil-qiegħ tal-vulkani jimponi Misti u Chachani Nevado u Pichu Pichu. Fil-belt center, iddikjarata World Heritage Site mill-UNESCO fl-2000, jistgħu jiġu tempji u kolonjali barokk istil, u l-Monasterio de Santa Catalina, Spanjola belt miniature ma dejjaq cobblestone streets, beautiful courtyards u plazas. Sabandía, Tingo Tiabaya u fil-kampanja, huma postijiet li jżuru, u l-irresistibbli Arequipa kċina hu l-perfett biex tikkomplementa l-żjara.

Mill-iżjed postijiet interessanti li jitħajru jmorru matul Arequipa huwa l-Convent ta 'Santa Catalina. Mibnija bħala belt f'belt fl-1580 u mkabbra fil-17 seklu. Dan huwa x'aktarx l-akbar monasteru. 450 nuns għexu għal aktar minn 400 sena, kellhom l-ebda kuntatt mad-dinja ta 'barra. L-abitanti ta 'Arequipa kellu ebda idea x'ġara għoli bejn il-ħitan tal-kumpless. Kellu ħafna rumors u stejjer jiċċirkolaw madwar il-poplu. Santa Catalina jiġi mgeżwer fil-misteru u silenzju sa 1970 meta parti kbira tal-Convent fetħet il-bibien għall-pubbliku. Nuns għadhom jgħixu fil-qasam tat-tramuntana tal-kumpless. Residenti u turisti jistgħu liberament żjara-bqija tal-kumpless, bi jew mingħajr gwida. Kollox kien beautifully rinnovati u l-intrapriżi żgħar toroq u pjazez colorful huma mimlija bil-fjuri u l-ħitan huma miżbugħa frisk dye. Il-toroq dojoq inti jġib lill-partijiet varji tal-Convent u li jgħaddi pittoresk kwadru kmamar ma oriġinali għamara. Int xorta jistgħu riħa-atmosfera tal-half eded f'ħafna postijiet, fil-post fejn il-patrijiet jinħaslu l-ħwejjeġ u l-librerija estensiva mal-ġbir tal-aqwa kotba. Sfortunatament il-librerija hija dejjem miftuħin għall-pubbliku.

Jinsab biss 3 sigħat u 45 minuta mill-belt, l-Valley u l-Colca Canyon hija waħda mill-aktar straordinarja pajjiż. Matul iż-żona jistgħu jiġu colorful pre-Inca terrazzi kkultivati s'issa ma quinoa, qamħ, xgħir u qamħ. In pre-Hispanic darbiet l-appartament kien abitati minn Collaguas u Cabañas, illum, in-nies irnexxielhom jippreservaw kolonjali tagħha knejjes tal-Yanque, Lari u Madrigal u għadhom dressed fil kostumi sbieħ. Il-wied huwa wkoll avventura isports bħal muntanji ċikliżmu, trekking u canoeing, u l-Cruz del Condor jistgħu japprezzaw il-Majestic titjira tal-condors. Oħra attrazzjonijiet fid-dipartiment huma l-Toro Muerto Petroglyphs, Valley tal-vulkani ta 'l-Canyon u Andagua Cotahuasi

Puno kienet is-sit ta 'Tiahuanaco kultura (800 sa 1200 AD), l-ogħla espressjoni ta' l-Aymara nies, li dam minn dak li hu issa Peru u l-Bolivja, il-Incas ġew imposti fit-territorju fil-ħmistax-il seklu u l-Ispanjol xellug importanti legacy kolonjali regola fiż-żona, attirati mill-industrija tal-minjieri li żviluppaw fil-post. Illum, il-belt ta 'Puno (3827 m) huwa d-folklor kapitali tal-Peru u l-kwartieri ġenerali tal-Virgen de la Candelaria u tistrieħ fuq l-ixtut tal Titicaca, lagi navigabbli-ogħla fid-dinja. L-inħawi huma spettakolari jenfasizzaw Chullpas Sillustani, ma impressjonanti tagħha sett ta 'funeral torrijiet mibnija mill Kolla, Juli, famuż għall tagħha beautiful kolonjali knejjes, Lampă, bl-kolonjali knisja mibnija bejn 1675 u 1685; Llachón, li xorta jibqalu sekli -- u doganali u Pucara avvenimenti kulturali, famuż għall-pre-Inca fuħħar u għat-"barrin ta 'Pucara' llum artiġġjani prodotta tafal.

Il-lagi huwa wkoll dar għal diversi gżejjer, li jkunu abitanti ippreservat qedem drawwiet u tradizzjonijiet. EŜempju ta 'dan huma l-uros, li jgħixu fi "floating gżejjer artifiċjali ffabbrikati totora, u li jbaħħru fiż-żona tradizzjonali tagħhom fil-dgħajjes ukoll totora. Taquile, Suasi Amantaní u huma magħrufa għall-faċilità ta 'użu ta' l-abitanti tagħha u l-insiġ tekniki antika, il-pre-kostruzzjoni u wunderbare pajsaġġi. Titicaca National Reserve (36.180 ha) jipproteġi totorales estensivi u diversi speċi ta 'flora u fawna.

Peru aukštumose (Collaguas Cabanas Santa Catalina Arequipa Puno Chullpas Sillustani Chachani Misti Pichu Pichu Colca Kanion Petroglyphs iš Toro muerto Yanque lari Madrigalas Yanque Andagua Kanion Cotahuasi Taquile Suasi Amanati Tiahuanaco)

Skyrius Arekipa yra įvairus reljefo. Jis prasideda pakrantės dykuma ir pakyla į Andai, pasiekti didelės viršūnių kalnai ir ugnikalniai. Vadinamas White City jos puiki balta sienų blokų Akmuo, Vulkaniniai akmens, Arekipa eina koja į nustatantis ugnikalniai Misti ir Chachani Nevado ir Pichu Pichu. Iš miesto centro, pareiškė UNESCO Pasaulio paveldo sąrašą 2000 m., gali būti šventyklos ir kolonijinės baroko stiliaus, ir Monasterio de Santa Catalina, Ispanijos miestas miniatiurinių su siauromis cobblestone streets, gražus kiemelius ir PLAZAS. Sabandía, Tingo Tiabaya ir kraštovaizdžiui, yra vietų aplankyti, ir nenugalimas Arekipa virtuvė yra puikus papildo vizito.

Labiausiai įdomių vietų aplankyti į Arekipa yra vienuolynas Santa Catalina. Pastatytas kaip miestas miestas 1580 ir plėtros į 17 amžiuje. Tai turbūt didžiausia pasaulyje vienuolyno. 450 sesuo gyveno daugiau nei 400 metų, neturėjo sąlyčio su išoriniu pasauliu. Gyventojų Arekipa neturėjo žinoti, kas nutiko tarp aukšto sienos komplekso. Turėjo daug gandai ir istorijos cirkuliuojančių aplink žmonių. Santa Catalina yra įvyniojami paslaptis ir tyla iki 1970, kai didelė dalis vienuolyno atvėrė duris visuomenei. Nuns vis dar gyvena zonoje į šiaurę nuo komplekso. Gyventojai ir turistai gali laisvai lankytis poilsio ir sudėtingas, su arba be gido. Viskas buvo puikiai restauruotos ir mažų gatvėse bei aikštėse alsuoja spalvinga gėlių ir sienos dažytos šviežių dažų. Siauras gatves suteikia jums įvairiose vienuolyno ir einančios vaizdingos kvadratinių kambariai su originalia baldais. Galite dar kvapas atmosferą pusę eded daugelyje vietų, ten, kur vienuoliai oje savo drabužius ir biblioteką su kolekcija nuostabios knygos. Deja, bibliotekoje yra visada atviri visuomenei.

Nutolęs 3 valandas ir 45 minučių nuo miesto, slėnyje ir Colca Kanion yra vienas neeilinis šalyje. Visame regione gali būti spalvinga anksto Inca terasose auginamos iki šiol su quinoa, kukurūzai, miežiai ir kviečiai. Iš anksto Ispaniškas kartus Butas gyveno Collaguas ir Cabanas, šiandien žmonės sugebėjo išsaugoti savo kolonijinės bažnyčios prie Yanque, laris ir Madrigalas ir dar išdorotus gražioje kostiumai. Slėnis yra nuotykius sporto kaip kalnų dviračiais, kelionėse ir baidarėmis, ir Cruz del Condor gali vertiname didinga skrydis į condors. Kiti į skyriaus Toro muerto Petroglyphs, Valley of the vulkanas į Kanion ir Andagua Cotahuasi

Puno buvo vietoje Tiahuanaco kultūra (800 1200 AD), aukščiausia išraiška, aimarų tautos, kuri vyko nuo to, kas dabar yra Peru ir Bolivija, Inkai buvo nustatytos toje teritorijoje, XV a. ir Ispanijos paliko svarbu paveldas kolonijinės taisyklės šioje srityje, pritraukia kasybos pramonę, kuri sukurta vietą. Šiandien, miestas Puno (3827 m) yra folkloro kapitalo Peru ir BŪSTINĖ Virgen de la Candelaria ir guli ant kranto Titikaka, aukščiausio laivybai ežeras pasaulyje. Apylinkėse yra įspūdingi pabrėžiant Chullpas Sillustani, su savo įspūdingas rinkinys grobowej bokštai pastatytas kolla, Juli, garsėja gražiai kolonijinės bažnyčios, lempa, su jo kolonijinės bažnyčia, pastatyta tarp 1675 ir 1685; Llachón, kurie vis dar išlieka šimtmečius -- muitinės ir kultūrinius renginius ir Pucara, garsėja savo pre-Inca keramikos, o "bulių iš Pucara" šiandien meistrų gaminamo molio.

Ežeras yra taip pat namo į keletą salų, kurių tauta išlaikė senovės papročius ir tradicijas. Toks pavyzdys yra Urosz, kurie gyvena "plaukiojančiu salų dirbtinai pagaminti Tora ir buriavimo per teritoriją, jų tradicinius laivus, taip pat Tora. Taquile, Suasi Amantaní ir yra žinomi dėl draugystės gyventojai ir jų senovės audimo technika, iki statybos ir nuostabų kraštovaizdį. Titikaka nacionalinį draustinį (36180 ha) saugo totorales platų ir įvairų rūšių Augalija ir gyvūnija.

Peru augstienes (Collaguas Cabanas Santa Catalina Arequipa Puno Chullpas Sillustani Chachani Misti Pichu Pichu Colca Canyon Petroglyphs no Toro Muerto Yanque lari Madrigal Yanque Andagua Canyon Cotahuasi Taquile Suasi Amanati Tiahuanaco)

Departamentā Arequipa ir daudzveidīgs atbrīvojumu. Tā sākas piekrastes tuksnesis un ceļot uz Andes, sasniedzot liela, topi par kalniem un vulkānu izvirdumi. Pazīstams kā "Baltā pilsēta tā skaisti balta sienas ashlar akmens, a vulkānisko akmeņu, Arequipa atrodas pie pamatnes, kas uzliek vulkāni Misti un Chachani Nevado un Pichu Pichu. Tā kā pilsētas centrā, kas deklarēti World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 2000, var tempļi un koloniālās baroka stilā, un Monasterio de Santa Catalina, Spānijas pilsētā miniatūrā ar šauru bruģakmens ielām, skaisti pagalmiem un plazas. Sabandía, Tingo Tiabaya un laukos, ir vietas apmeklēt, un nenovēršamiem Arequipa cuisine ir lielisks papildinājums vizīti.

Līdz šim vairums interesantu vietu apmeklējuma Arequipa ir klosteris Santa Catalina. Built kā pilsēta pilsētā ar 1580 un paplašināta 17 gadsimtā. Tas ir iespējams, pasaulē lielākā klosteris. 450 nuns nodzīvojusi vairāk nekā 400 gadu laikā nav bijis kontakta ar ārpasauli. Iedzīvotāju Arequipa nebija ideja, kas notika starp augstas sienas ir sarežģīti. Bija daudz rumors un stāstiem cirkulē ap cilvēku. Santa Catalina ietin mystery un klusēšanas līdz 1970, jo liela daļa no klosteris atvērusi durvis sabiedrībai. Nuns joprojām dzīvo šajā apgabalā uz ziemeļiem no kompleksa. Rezidenti un tūristi var brīvi apmeklēt atpūtas kompleksa, ar vai bez guide. Viss bija skaisti restaurēta un nelielo ielu un laukumu ir piepildīta ar krāsains ziedu un sienas ir krāsotas ar svaigu krāsu. Šaurās ielas parādīs jums uz dažādām daļām, kas klosteris un iet gleznainā kvadrātveida istabas ar oriģinālo mēbeles. Jūs joprojām varat smarža atmosfērā par pusi eded daudzās vietās, arī vietā, kur mūkiem nomazgā viņu drēbes un bibliotēka ar plašu vākšanu apbrīnojamo grāmatas. Diemžēl bibliotēka vienmēr ir atklātas.

Atrodas tikai 3 stundas un 45 minūtes no pilsētas, tad Valley un Colca Canyon ir viens no ārkārtas valstī. Visā laukumā, var krāsains pre-Inca terases kultivētiem dati quinoa, kukurūza, mieži un kvieši. Pirmsskolas Hispanic reizes dzīvoklis bija dzīvo Collaguas un Cabanas, šodien, cilvēki ir spējuši saglabāt savu koloniju baznīcu no Yanque, lari un Madrigal un joprojām tērpušies skaisti kostīmi. Ielejā ir arī piedzīvojumu sporta, piemēram, kalnu riteņbraukšanas, treka un kanoe un Cruz del Condor var novērtēt majestātiskie lidojums no condors. Citi objektiem departamentā ir Toro Muerto Petroglyphs, Valley no vulkāniem no Canyon un Andagua Cotahuasi

Puno bija vietā Tiahuanaco kultūra (800 līdz 1200 AD), kas ir augstākais izteikumiem no Tokelau cilvēkiem, kas ilga no tā, ko tagad ir Peru un Bolīvija, kas Incas tika ieviesti teritorijā, piecpadsmitajā gadsimtā un Spānijas kreisajā svarīgs mantojums koloniālās noteikumā šajā jomā, piesaista kalnrūpniecībā kas attīstījās tajā vietā. Šodien, pilsētā Puno (3827 m) ir folkloras galvaspilsēta Peru un birojam no Virgen de la Candelaria un balstās uz krastos Titicaca, kas ir augstākais kuģojamiem ezers pasaulē. Apkārtne ir Īpašie izceļot Chullpas Sillustani ar savu iespaidīgo kopumu funerary torņi būvēs Kolla, Juli, slavena ar savu skaisto koloniālās baznīcas, Lampa ar tās koloniālajām baznīca celta starp 1675 un 1685; Llachón, kurš joprojām saglabā gadsimtiem -- muitas un kultūras pasākumiem un Pucara, slavena ar savu pre-Inca keramikas un attiecībā uz "buļļi no Pucara" jau šodien artisans ražo māla.

Ezers ir arī mājvieta dažādiem salu, kuru iedzīvotājiem ir konservēti senās paražas un tradīcijas. Piemērs tam ir Uros, kuri dzīvo "peldošās salas" mākslīgi ražo totora, un buru caur teritoriju, to tradicionālo laivu arī totora. Taquile, Suasi Amantaní un ir zināmi par draudzīgums, tās iedzīvotājiem un viņu seno aušanas paņēmienus, pirms būvniecības un brīnišķīgas ainavas. Titicaca Nacionālais rezervāts (36180 ha) aizsargā totorales plašu un daudzveidīgu augu un dzīvnieku sugas.

Peruviana altopiani (Collaguas Cabanas Santa Catalina Arequipa Puno Chullpas Sillustani Chachani Misti Pichu Pichu Colca Canyon petroglifi di Toro Muerto Yanque Lari Madrigal Yanque Andagua Canyon Cotahuasi Taquile Suasi Amanati Tiahuanaco)

O departamento de Arequipa ten un relevo variado. Ela comeza no desérticas costeiro e os aumento nos Andes, acadar alta no topos das montañas e vulcões. Coñecida como a Cidade branca polos seus belos paredes brancas silhar de pedra, unha pedra vulcânica, Arequipa queda ós pés da impoñente vulcões mixto e Chachani Nevado e Pichu Pichu. No centro da cidade, declarada Patrimonio Mundial pola UNESCO en 2000, pode ser Templos coloniais e de estilo barroco, eo Mosteiro de Santa Catalina, unha cidade española en miniatura con estreitas rúas empedradas, lindas prazas e patios. Sabandía, Tingo Tiabaya e no campo, son lugares a visitar, e da irresistível cociña Arequipa é o complemento perfecto para a visita.

De lonxe a máis lugares interesantes para visitar en Arequipa é o conventos de Santa Catalina. Construído como unha cidade nunha cidade en 1580 e ampliada no século 17. Este é probablemente o maior do mundo Mosteiro. 450 monxas viveram por máis de 400 anos, non tivo ningún contacto co mundo exterior. Os habitantes de Arequipa non tiña idea do que aconteceu entre os altos muros do complexo. Tivo moi boatos e novas que circulan en torno do pobo. Santa Catarina está envolta en misterios e silencio ata 1970, cando unha grande parte do conventos abrir as súas portas ó público. Monjas aínda viven na zona a norte do complexo. Moradores e turistas poden visitar gratuitamente o resto do complexo, con ou sen un guía. Todo foi marabillosas renovada e as pequenas rúas e prazas están cheias de flores coloreada e as paredes son pintada en tinta fresca. As rúas estreitas trae a vostede as diversas partes do conventos e paso pitoresca praza habitacións con mobiliário orixinal. Pode ainda cheira a atmosfera da meia eded, en moitos lugares, no lugar onde os monges lavaram as súas vestes e as bibliotecas cunha extensa colección de libros impresionante. Desafortunadamente, a biblioteca está sempre aberta ao público.

Localizado a apenas 3 horas e 45 minutos da cidade, a Val eo Colca Canyon é un dos máis extraordinários país. En toda a área pódese coloreada pré-INCA terraza cultivadas en día con quinoa, millo, cevada e trigo. Desde tempos pré-hispánicos do apartamento foi habitada por Collaguas e Cabanas, hoxe, as persoas que lograron preservar as súas igrexas coloniais do Yanque, Lari e Madrigal e aínda vestido con belas fantasía. O val tamén é aventura Deportes como mountain bike, trekking e piragüismo, así como a Cruz del Condor pode apreciar o majestoso voo dos condores. Outras atrações no departamento son a Toro Muerto petroglifos, Val dos Vulcões do Canyon e Andagua Cotahuasi

Puno foi o lugar da cultura Tiahuanaco (800 a 1200 DC), a máis alta expresión do pobo Aymara, que transcorre entre o que é hoxe o Perú e Bolivia, os incas eran impostos no territorio no século XV e os españois deixou un importante legado Estado colonial na rexión, attracted pola industria mineira que se desenvolveu no local. Hoxe, a cidade de Puno (3.827 m) é a capital folclórica do Perú e da sede da Virgen de la Candelaria e descanso ás marxes do Titicaca, o lago navegável máis alto do mundo. Os arredores son espetaculares destacando Chullpas Sillustani, co seu impresionante conxunto de torres funerárias construídas por Kolla, Julio, famosa polas súas belas igrexas coloniais, Lampa, coa súa igrexa colonial construída entre 1675 e 1685; Llachón, que aínda conserva séculos -- aduaneiros e de eventos culturais e Pucará, famosa pola súa cerámica pré-INCA e para os touros de Pucará "hoxe artesãos producido argila.

O lago tamén é casa de diversas illas, cujos habitantes teñen preservados antigos costumes e tradicións. Un exemplo diso son os Uros, que viven en "illas flutuantes" fabricados artificial totora, e navegar a través do espazo nas súas embarcacións tradicionais tamén totora. Taquile, As súas Amantaní e son coñecidos pola amable dos seus habitantes ea súa antiga tecelagem técnicas, de pre-construcción e marabillosas paisaxes. Reserva Nacional Titicaca (36.180 ha) protexe totorales extensa e diversificar de especies de flora e fauna.

Arequipa

Arequipa, known as the White City for its buildings in ashlar (volcanic stone white), has one of the most beautiful historical centers of our country. The Cathedral, the Monastery of Santa Catalina (almost a small city with streets and squares built to house the daughters of the most distinguished Spanish families who had religious vocation), the Andean Sanctuaries Museum of the Catholic University of Santa Maria (where is Lady of Ampato or Mummy Juanita), are just some of the many places not to be missed, and confirming the nomination of this center as a cultural heritage of humanity. To observe the famous volcano Misti, you may visit the Yanahuara and if you have an extra day be encouraged to visit the Colca Canyon and photographing condors soar. Being in Arequipa is an excellent opportunity to sample the exquisite cuisine, one of the most popular in the country, the stuffed pepper and shrimp soup are just some of the most outstanding dishes.

The floating islands of Lake Titicaca

Among the many surprises of Lake Titicaca Uros are calls, built and inhabited by humans.

Forty islets are made of interwoven layers of a reed called totora, which grows on the banks of the giant lake. The Titicaca is located at 3,800 meters above sea level, between Peru and Bolivia.

See: Images of the aurochs
The islands are inhabited by several hundred people, descendants of indigenous aurochs, who took refuge in the lake to escape the Inca Empire, which ruled the region until the sixteenth century, when the Spanish arrived.

And while the culture of the aurochs survived the Inca civilization, some warn that now is threatened by the vicissitudes of modern life.

Anchored Islands

The Uros are about 30 minutes by boat from Puno, the main Peruvian city on the lake.

Its islands are anchored with ropes attached to wooden poles, which are sunk in the lake bed.

In the rainy season, between November and February, the islands are moving on the surface of the lake. When you walk on them, your feet sink several inches.

The largest islands are inhabited by up to ten families living in small huts made from reeds also. The smaller-about 30 meters in diameter-house two or three families.

Traditionally, the islanders live on fishing, hunting and trade with the Aymara Indians inhabiting the lands around the lake.

Over the years and with marriages between the two groups, the aurochs abandoned their own language to adopt the Aymara.

Their religion is a syncretism of indigenous beliefs and Catholicism. A buried their dead on the mainland.

"Life is a struggle"

Now, the aurochs also live from tourism.

Lake Titicaca

The boating lake at a higher altitude in the world
3800 meters above sea level
190 km long by 80 km wide
One of the people outside the community that knows them knows Mairo Moya is a Peruvian 29 years who works as a tour guide. Moya arrived in Puno to study anthropology and lived three months in the islands.

"What they teach you that man can adapt to any kind of environment. The Uros have lived here for hundreds of years and are proud of what they have achieved, to literally create their own habitat," he explains.

"But life is a constant struggle. Islands rot from the bottom very quickly, so new reeds must be added constantly," he adds.

The islands can last 30 years. Then you should build a new one.

"In very hot day, but at night can make them very cold and without electricity for heat. Even the simplest things can be difficult," says the guide.

As toilets, use small islands uros have built a short distance from where they live. Solid wastes are dried in the sun, to prevent contaminating the lake, which is also used for drinking water.

"The Uros cook over open fires that ignite on piles of stones. Especially They eat fish, but also eat some parts of the reeds".

"There are no doctors or hospitals nearby, so they rely on themselves. Traditionally, men help their wives in childbirth," he adds.

Threat to tradition

A mission school was installed near the largest of the islands, Huacavacani, where children can learn Aymara.

In Lake Titicaca there are about 40 islands made by the descendants of the aurochs.
Mairo Moya believes that the traditions of the aurochs are endangering. "Many people have come to live on land. On the islands there are only a few hundred. Moreover, tourism during the decades of the '80s and '90s affected their traditional ways of life."

"They have no access to dental health and tourists began to give her candy to children. The Uros also began to realize that instead of working, they could make money by charging tourists for the pictures I took," he reveals.

In his work as a guide, Mairo Moya asks tourists not provide candy to children and not pay for pictures. Instead, asked to purchase their crafts such as blankets and small wool puppets to use your fingers.

"That way they can keep their traditions and dignity. Only ten of the islands allowed visitors. Still not too late to preserve their traditions," he explains.

Taquile Island- Amantani Island: Lake Titicaca

On the islands of Taquile and Amantani initiatives have been prioritized leaving most of the benefits in the communities themselves. In that sense, the value of particular promoting agritourism and lodging houses run by local people, which allow visitors a more direct contact with local cultures . This is the case of tourism products so successfully offering the communities of Lake Titicaca.

Aware of the value of living culture today to travelers from around the world , a number of communities have opened Puno experiential and rural tourism , both in the islands and on the mainland. There are the ventures of Taquile , Amantani , Uros , Llachón . These efforts are combined with those peculiar way located south of Cuzco , as for the traveler , to visit them , to give an idea about the diversity in the southern Andes of Peru corridor.

Taquile Island
Located on Lake Titicaca , has an area of ??5.72 km ² , of fertile land that is home to about 300 families Quechuas living keeping their ancestral customs. The men mostly engaged in agriculture and fishing , and the women to the fabric.

The landscapes, and way of life of its inhabitants causing a stunning effect . The unique and beautiful clothes they wear, is a product of textile art , as old as history itself . Taquile textile art has been the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO.

The remains of the island date back to pre-Inca times and can be seen at the top . During colonial times until the early twentieth century , the place was used as a political prison , but as of 1970 the island became property of the Taquile.

Demonstrations customs, religious and folkloric have a big stage in Taquile . Virtually all activities are performed by the family as a whole.

Within its rituals and customs , the villagers offer accommodation in their housing and food to visitors , where you can spend the night if you want to spend more than a day , sharing unforgettable moments , sharing the activities of native communities.

The residents of the island made ??the traditional celebration of the feast of St. James in July.

Taquile Island is located 35 km ( 21.74 miles ) approximately three hours by boat from the port of the city of Puno , from where you take a boat to visit the island . Normally the boats that transport Taquile make an intermediate stop to visit the floating islands of Uros.

Taquile Picture Gallery
• Taquile Island
• People of Taquile Island
• Feast of St. James in Taquile

Amantani Island
Located on Lake Titicaca , has 15 km ² of area and 3,663 inhabitants, its population is Aymara and is devoted mainly to agriculture and focuses on the people of Amantani . The ancient customs of its inhabitants, lifestyle and landscapes , will make your visit exciting moments . As in Taquile , it is customary for the inhabitants offer their housing and food to visitors who wish to stay overnight , to share the activities of the native communities.

The flora is characterized by the presence of bushes as muña , kantuta , sage , tola and patamuña . In eight communities inhabiting the island are devoted to potatoes , corn , oca , quinoa , beans and peas and more representative craft consists of the textiles and stone carvings.

Among its natural attractions are two viewpoints at the top, from where you can see the lake in its entirety , as well as some pre-Hispanic ruins , ceremonial centers and a cemetery of mummies.

The crafts made ??textiles , ceramics and leather are gorgeous.

The residents of the island have the traditional celebration of the feast of St. James in July.

You can also find on the island Amantani important archaeological remains belonging to the Tiwanaku and Inca culture . The scenery is indescribable beauty , especially the sunrises and sunsets, when the blue waters turn red flesh.

Amantani Island is located 40 km ( 24.85 miles ) approximately from the port city of Puno , from where you take a boat to visit the island . Similarly, the boats that transport Amantaní make an intermediate stop to visit the floating islands of Uros.

Links:

• World Lake Basin Management Initiative
• International Waters Learning Exchange and Resource Network
• Lake99 Workshop: Managing the Great Lakes of the World, Implementing the Watershed Approach
• LBMI Regional Experience Sharing and Review Workshop for Europe, Central Asia & the Americas

The Uros

One of the most primitive pre-Inca Peru , home of fierce and brutal people , were conquered by the Incas, who considered them as a human sub village . These people lived in a perfect symbiosis with the Titicaca and lived exclusively on artificial islands that they wove on the shallow waters of the lake.

As pure race is extinct since the mid -twentieth century, their descendants are today uro miscegenation Aymara speak Aymara, and retain many of their ancient customs . The Uros themselves the Kotsuña : The village lake.

Current aurochs, inhabit the swampy area Chucuito Bay on Lake Titicaca , near Puno , where coexisting in a social political organization away from traditional forms of modern civilization.

The Uros live on islands woven from reeds to form a floating layer called Khili , and attached to the lake bottom. Normally each island belongs to a family clan and is inhabited by between 3-10 families. Then the natives build their home , a shack also woven reeds, with roofs impervious to rain , but inside there is high humidity so often suffering from rheumatism in infancy . The floating islands of the Uros are located 5 km east of the city of Puno , the largest is that of the Uros Chulluni . Others such as Santa Maria , Paradise and Toranipata , Pacha Mama and Tupiri , which are also visited by tourists .

Engaged in fishing , boat woven reeds, also planting some tubers in the islands themselves , and making crafts . Feeding the aurochs is based on artisanal fishing carachi and silversides, and also in the hunting of wild birds . The reed is also part of the diet , the lower part of the cattail whitish , called chullo , is consumed as food and contains a lot of iodine. In this way the aurochs are portegidos goiter , frequent bad Andes.

Men are characterized by the driving skills of reed boats , while women stand out for the development of fabrics and carpets of wool, which offer for sale to tourists.

When walking on these islands should be careful not to step on their particular gardens , it is possible to give a big dip , which annoyed the inhabitants.

In some of the islands there is a school for children, and perhaps the world's only floating school . The children arrive each morning on their own rafts to learn to knit from an early age.

This town has been influenced by the Catholic religion, and celebrate their festivities and bury their dead on the mainland.

To visit the islands of Uros , located 5 km east of Puno , take a boat from the port of the city of Puno , the travel time is on average 45 minutes and the minimum recommended for the visit is 4 hours. These boats do a walk through the various islands and lands on some of them to meet its people and their way of life.

Some inhabitants of these islands offering accommodation in their homes and share life and customs of the tourist coumunidad.

Peru had a rich cultural life thousands of years before Pizarro turned up in funny clothing. Wander around colonial cities that echo the legacy of Spanish conquistadors, explore the ancient Inca capital of Cuzco, visit the lost city of Machu Picchu and ponder the enigma of the Nazca Lines.

Peru also boasts some of the most spectacular scenery in South America. The beautiful Peruvian Andes issue a siren's call to top-class trekkers. These mountains are also home to squillions of indigenous highlanders, who still speak the ancient tongue of Quechua and live a traditional way of life.

When to go

Peru's climate can be divided into two seasons - wet and dry - though this can vary depending on the region. Temperature is mostly influenced by elevation: the higher you climb, the cooler it becomes.

Weather

Sample Price Guide

Average Room Prices

Average Meal Prices

Tipping

Getting There

Getting Around

Mountain-biking can be safe and enjoyable in Peru, and it's often better than driving on the chaotic roads. Rent one here or bring your own.

While there's no passenger service along the coast, boat travel is of major importance around the Amazon Basin and in the Andean highlands on Lake Titicaca.

Bus

Pre-20th-Century History

Modern History

In 1941, Peru went to war with Ecuador over a border dispute. The 1942 treaty of Río de Janeiro ceded the area north of the Río Marañón to Peru, but the decision was contested by Ecuador.

Cuban-inspired guerrilla uprisings in 1965 were unsuccessful. In the 1980s, however, nationwide strikes and a violent insurgency by Maoist Shining Path (Sendero Luminoso) guerrillas caused political instability.

Alberto Fujimori's 1990 presidential election victory over Peruvian novelist Mario Vargas Llosa, and the 1992 capture of MRTA and Sendero Luminoso leaders, buoyed hopes for peace.

Toledo became the country's first indigenous president in 2001, but the path to bringing Fujimori to justice was torturous. It was revealed that some 69,000 Peruvians died during decades of fighting between rebel and government forces.

In 2002, a car bomb exploded near the US Embassy in Lima, killing 10 people. It was thought to have been detonated by the Shining Path guerrilla group.

Recent History

However, though Peruvians may be better off now than they were under Fujimori, the seemingly intractable problems of poverty and unemployment remain.

Labor strikes for higher wages and political protests happen quite often. This unrest can be tiresome for travelers, who may find their trip suddenly delayed. It's not really a big deal to Peruvians, though, who are used to accepting such disturbances as facts of life.

The irresistibly sexy Arequipa, aka 'White City' for its dazzling colonial sillar (off-white volcanic rock) stonework, is surrounded by some of the wildest terrain in Peru. It's a land of active snowy volcanoes, high-altitude deserts, thermal hot springs, salt lakes and the world's deepest canyons.

No other place in southern Peru delivers the best of both urban and outdoor - clamber up an Andean peak, slalom down from a sandy volcanic summit and be back in your colonial mansion guesthouse in time for a dinner of spicy arequipeño food and all-night dancing in a sizzling-hot nightclub.

Travel warning

Weather

Getting Around

Getting there

Arequipa's airport is about 8km (4.9mi) northwest of the city center. LAN has daily flights to Lima and Cuzco. Aero Condor Perú has cheap flights to Tacna near the Chilean border. Servicios Aéreos AQP flies nine-passenger Piper Cheyenne III planes anywhere you want.

Most bus companies have departures from Terminal Terrestre or Terrapuerto, both on Av Andrés Avelino Cáceres. There's a small departure tax.

Ormeño has two buses a week to Santiago, Chile, and three a week to Buenos Aires, Argentina, both from the Terrapuerto terminal.

The train station is south of Plaza de Armas. Services between Arequipa and Juliaca and Puno have been suspended, but PeruRail runs private trains for large tourist groups.

Getting around

Andes Bike (tel: 20 5078; Villalba 414) sells bicycles, spare parts and travel gear.

and minibuses go south along Bolívar to Terminal Terrestre (20min), but it's a slow trip via the market area.

You can often hire a taxi with a driver for less than renting a car from a travel agency. Local taxi companies include Presidencial Express (tel: 20 3333) and Ideal Taxi (tel: 28 8888).

Recent History

Arequipa's most recent earthquake occurred in 2001. As a result of constant rumblings in the region, many of the buildings are built low for stability. Despite the many quakes endured by the city, several fetching historic structures have survived.

Tourism is now a major part of modern Arequipa. The streets of Santa Catalina and Jerusalén harbor dozens of travel agencies offering city tours and excursions to the canyon country - Cañón del Colca is a favorite among travelers.

Founded near the site of the now-defunct colonial silver mine of Laykakota, Puno makes a great departure point for forays to Lake Titicaca's islands and archaeological sites. While few historical buildings remain, local women garbed in multi-layered dresses and bowler hats are a sight to behold.

When to go

Getting There

Puno's nearest airport is in Juliaca, about 45km (28mi) away. Travel agents in Puno sell tickets and provide a slow shuttle service to the airport. LAN is currently the only airline with an office in Puno.

Getting Around

A short taxi ride anywhere in town costs very little. Try Movil (tel: 36 8000). Mototaxis (three-wheeled motorcycle rickshaw cabs) are a fun way to get around and are cheaper than ordinary taxis, but make sure the negotiated fare is per ride, not per person.

Pre-20th-Century History

The area surrounding present-day Puno was once inhabited by the Aymara peoples, possibly as far back as 2000 years ago. The Uros peoples traded with the Aymara, interbreeding with them and eventually abandoning their own language for the Aymara language.

During the pre-Ceramic period, nomads were attracted to Lake Titicaca for its abundant supply of fish. The grave towers of the Kolla peoples in Sillustani are remains of this period.

Puno is surrounded by 41 floating, man-made islands. The Uros created these islands to escape the Incas when they arrived in the region in the 13th century.

When the Salcedo brothers, José and Gaspar, discovered the Laykakota silver mines, 9km (5.5mi) west of Puno, they quickly became two of the richest men of Latin America. The city of San Luis de Alva was soon established in close proximity to the mine.

In 1821, Peru and Bolivia fought at Puno during the Battle of Ingavi. Bolivia was victorious, subsequently occupying parts of Peru. An 1847 convention neutralized the victory, and Puno was left to live in peace.

Modern History

Built in 1862, the Yavari is the oldest steamship moored on Lake Titicaca. In 1999, to mark the restoration of her engine, she left port under her own power for the first time in nearly half a century.

Recent History

Modern Puno is the center of an important agricultural and livestock region - South American camelids (llamas and alpacas) are particularly prevalent.

Peru's president, Alan García, has designated Puno to become a Zona Económica (Special Economic Zone). This means that it will soon have economic laws that are more liberal than those typical of Peru.

Around 3000 descendants of the Uros are living today. A few hundred live on the floating islands and continue to maintain them, however, many have moved to the mainland.

The Laykakota mines are long since defunct - local legend surmises that nobody knows exactly where they are located.

Peruvian highlands (Collaguas Cabanas Santa Catalina Arequipa Puno Chullpas Sillustani Chachani Misti Pichu Pichu Colca Canyon Petroglyphs of Toro Muerto Yanque Lari Madrigal Yanque Andagua Canyon Cotahuasi Taquile Suasi Amanati Tiahuanaco)

Peruvian highlands (Collaguas Cabanas סנטה Catalina ארקיפה puno Chullpas Sillustani Chachani Misti Pichu Pichu Colca קניון Petroglyphs של טורו Muerto Yanque לארי Madrigal Yanque Andagua קניון Cotahuasi Taquile Suasi Amanati Tiahuanaco)

Peruvian cao nguyên (Collaguas Cabanas Santa Catalina Arequipa Puno Chullpas Sillustani Chachani Misti Pichu Pichu Colca Canyon Petroglyphs của Toro Muerto Yanque Lari Madrigal Yanque Andagua Canyon Cotahuasi Taquile Suasi Amanati Tiahuanaco)

Peruvian kabundukan (Collaguas Cabanas Santa Catalina Arequipa Puno Chullpas Sillustani Chachani Misti Pichu Pichu Colca Canyon Petroglyphs ng Toro Muerto Yanque lari Madrigal Yanque Andagua Canyon Cotahuasi Taquile Suasi Amanati Tiahuanaco)

Peruanska höglandet (Collaguas Cabanas Santa Catalina Arequipa Puno Chullpas Sillustani Chachani Misti PICCHU PICCHU Colca Canyon Petroglyphs av Toro Muerto Yanque Lari Madrigal Yanque Andagua Canyon Cotahuasi Taquile Suasi Amanati Tiahuanaco)

Peruvian Highlands (Collaguas Cabanas Santa Catalina Arequipa Puno Chullpas Sillustani Chachani MISTI Pichu Pichu Colca Canyon Petroglyphs de Toro Muerto Yanque Lari Madrigal Yanque Andagua Canyon Cotahuasi Taquile Suasi Amanati Tiahuanaco)

Peru wyżyna (Collaguas Cabañas Santa Catalina Arequipa Puno Chullpas Sillustani Chachani Misti Pichu Pichu Petroglyphs Kanionu Colca z Toro muerto Yanque Lari Madrigal Yanque Andagua Canyon Cotahuasi Taquile Suasi Amanati Tiahuanaco)

Peruansk Highlands (Collaguas Cabanas Santa Catalina Arequipa Puno Chullpas Sillustani Chachani Misti Pichu Pichu Colca Canyon Petroglyphs av Toro Muerto Yanque Lari Madrigal Yanque Andagua Canyon Cotahuasi Taquile Suasi Amanati Tiahuanaco)

Peruvjana għoljiet (Collaguas Cabañas Santa Catalina Arequipa Puno Chullpas Sillustani Chachani Misti Pichu Pichu Colca Canyon Petroglyphs tal Toro Muerto Yanque Lari Madrigal Yanque Andagua Canyon Cotahuasi Taquile Suasi Amanati Tiahuanaco)

Peru aukštumose (Collaguas Cabanas Santa Catalina Arequipa Puno Chullpas Sillustani Chachani Misti Pichu Pichu Colca Kanion Petroglyphs iš Toro muerto Yanque lari Madrigalas Yanque Andagua Kanion Cotahuasi Taquile Suasi Amanati Tiahuanaco)

Peru augstienes (Collaguas Cabanas Santa Catalina Arequipa Puno Chullpas Sillustani Chachani Misti Pichu Pichu Colca Canyon Petroglyphs no Toro Muerto Yanque lari Madrigal Yanque Andagua Canyon Cotahuasi Taquile Suasi Amanati Tiahuanaco)

Peruviana altopiani (Collaguas Cabanas Santa Catalina Arequipa Puno Chullpas Sillustani Chachani Misti Pichu Pichu Colca Canyon petroglifi di Toro Muerto Yanque Lari Madrigal Yanque Andagua Canyon Cotahuasi Taquile Suasi Amanati Tiahuanaco)

Peruvian tinggi (Collaguas Cabañas Santa Catalina Arequipa Puno Chullpas Sillustani Chachani Misti Pichu Pichu Colca Canyon Petroglyphs dari Toro Muerto Yanque Lari sajak pendek tentang cinta Yanque Andagua Canyon Cotahuasi Taquile Suasi Amanati Tiahuanaco)

Perui Highlands (Collaguas Cabanas Santa Catalina Arequipa Puno Chullpas Sillustani Chachani mIsTi Pichu Pichu Colca Canyon Petroglyphs a Toro muerto Yanque Lari Madrigal Yanque Andagua Canyon Cotahuasi Taquile Suasi Amanati Tiahuanaco)

Peruaanse hooglanden (Collaguas Cabanas Santa Catalina Arequipa Puno Chullpas Sillustani Chachani Misti Picchu Picchu Colca Canyon Petroglyphs van Toro Muerto Yanque lari Madrigal Yanque Andagua Canyon Cotahuasi Taquile Suasi Amanati Tiahuanaco)

Περού υψίπεδα (Collaguas Cabanas Santa Catalina Αρεκίπα Puno Chullpas Sillustani Chachani Misti Pichu Pichu Colca Canyon Petroglyphs της Toro Muerto Yanque λάρι Μαδριγάλ Yanque Andagua Canyon Cotahuasi Taquile Suasi Amanati Tiahuanaco)

Altiplano peruano (Collaguas Cabanas Santa Catalina Arequipa Puno Chullpas Sillustani Chachani mixto Pichu Pichu Colca Canyon petroglifos de Toro Muerto Yanque Lari Madrigal Yanque Andagua Canyon Cotahuasi Taquile As súas Amanati Tiahuanaco)

Arequipa

The floating islands of Lake Titicaca

Among the many surprises of Lake Titicaca Uros are calls, built and inhabited by humans.

See: Images of the aurochs
The islands are inhabited by several hundred people, descendants of indigenous aurochs, who took refuge in the lake to escape the Inca Empire, which ruled the region until the sixteenth century, when the Spanish arrived.